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                 ÔwmPzqvbvÕ cª‡`‡ki ivRavbx n‡”Q †js`y bvgK kniwU| wKšÍ †js`y‡Z †Kvb †Kvjvnj †bB| †QvU Lv‡Uv cwi”Qbœ kni| GKmgq cwðg Rvg©vbx‡Z wQjvg| ZLb cwðg Rvg©vbxi ivRavbx wQj eY kniwU| ïay gvÎ KzU‰bwZK cvov Qvov e‡Y wKQyB wQjbv| Avgv‡`i XvKv‡K we‡K›`ªxKib Ki‡j XvKv nqZ Gfv‡e gvby‡li fv‡i by‡q ciZbv| PzswKs kniwU 5200 †¯‹vqvi wK‡jvwgUvi| cÖvq 20 †KvwU gvbyl evm K‡i kniwU‡Z| wKš‘ iv¯ÍvNv‡U †jvKR‡bi fxo †bB| Pxbv fvlvq PzswKs A_©B nj ce©Z| hviv fvi‡Zi wkjs †M‡Qb Zv‡`i Rb¨ PzswKs kni‡K Kíbv K‡i wb‡Z mnR n‡e| Z‡e wkjs kn‡ii cv‡k †Kvb b`x †bB| wKš‘ PzswKs kniwU‡K `y‡Uv b`x wN‡i Av‡Q| GKwU ÔBqvswmÕ Avi AciwU ÔwRqvwjsÕ| ÔwRqvwjsÕ †Kv¤úvbx †_‡K Avgv‡`i MvBW †`Iqv n‡q‡Q wgóvi Ô†RvÕ bvgK GKf`ª‡jvK‡K| wZwb GKbvMv‡i PzswKs Gi Dci Avgv‡`i e‡j hvw”Q‡jb| kxZKv‡j cÖPÛ kxZ Ges MigKv‡j cÖPÛ Mig GLv‡b| Avgiv hLb PzswKs AvwQ ZLb 30 wWwMÖ †mw›U‡MÖW Mig| GKUv cvZjv †MwÄ c‡iB PzswKs kniUv Ny‡i Ny‡i †`LwQjvg| Bqvswm Ges wRqvwjs b`xi Dc‡i 14wU †mZz w`‡q kniwU‡K wN‡i †i‡L‡Q| †h‡nZz ce©‡Zi kni ZvB GLv‡b †Kvb evBmvB‡Kj †`Lv hvqbv| Px‡bi Ab¨ me kn‡i evB mvB‡Kj †`Lv †M‡jI e¨wZµg PzswKs| GRb¨B Pxb miKvi wRqvwjs †Kv¤úvwbwU ˆZix K‡i‡Qb G kniwU‡Z| kniwUi GK PZz_©vk Ry‡iB wRqvwjs b`x| ZvQvov e¨vw³MZ D‡Ïv‡M ˆZix n‡q‡Q Av‡iv wKQy A‡Uv‡gvevBj wkí| evsjv‡`‡k ÔRs‡kbÕ bv‡g †h †gvUi mvB‡KjwU evRviRvZ nq †mUvI ˆZix nq PzswKs kn‡i| wg: †Rv ejwQ‡jb GKmgq wPqvs-KvB-†kK Zvi ivRavbx wb‡q Av‡mb PzswKs kn‡i| 1937 mv‡j Rvcvb hLb G‡K G‡K Px‡bi me mgZj f~wg `Lj K‡i wbw”Qj ZLb RvZxqZvev`x †bZv wPqvs-KvB-†kK P‡j Av‡mb PzswKs kn‡i| PzswKs kn‡ii P~ovq ¯’vcb K‡ib Zvi Kvh©vjq| Avgv‡`i wb‡q hvIqv nq GKKv‡ji RvZxqZvev`x †bZv , eZ©gvb ZvBIqv‡bi RbK wPqvs-KvB-†k‡Ki Kvh©vjqwU †`Lv‡bvi Rb¨| PzswKs Gi GK`g P~ovq wZwb wbg©vb K‡iwQ‡jb Zvi Kvh©vjq| mewKQyB Pxb miKvi msiw¶Z K‡i †i‡L w`‡q‡Qb| GKmgq AvMÖvmx Rvcv‡bi wei“‡× jovi Rb¨ mgvRZš¿x gvI-†m-Zzs Ges RvZxqZvev`x wPqvO-KvB-†kK ‡h i“‡g ˆeVK K‡iwQ‡jb †mUvI msi¶b Kiv Av‡Q| 1945 mv‡j Rvcv‡bi wei“‡× jovi Rb¨ wPqvs-KvB-†kK Avgš¿Y Rvbvb gvI-†m-Zzs‡K| GB mgq RvZxqZvev`x †bZv wPqvs-KvB-†kK Avi mgvRZš¿x †bZv gvI-†m-Zzs GKmv‡_ ˆeVK K‡ib PzswKs kn‡ii P~ovq| hv GLbI HwZnvwmK ¯’vb wnmv‡e Px‡bi byZb cÖR‡b¥i †Q‡j †g‡qiv †`‡L _v‡K| GLv‡bB K_v nq HwZnvwmK ¯’v‡bi ZË¡veavq‡Ki mv‡_| wZwb Rvbvb 1945 mvj †_‡K 1949 mvj ch©šÍ `yB †bZv Rvcv‡bi wei“‡× GKmv‡_ jovB K‡i †M‡jI cieZ©x‡Z ivR‰bwZK gZˆØZZvi Kvi‡Y Avevi Zviv msN‡l© wjß nb| GK mgq wPqvs-KvB-†kK Zvi Abymvwi‡`i wb‡q P‡j hvb ZvBIqv‡b| †hUv GKUv Øxc| Pxb miKvi GLbI GB Øxc †_‡K Zv‡`i `vex †Q‡o †`qwb| `ycy‡i ÔwRqvwjsÕ †Kv¤úvwbi Zid †_‡K Avgv‡`i jv Kiv‡bv nj| A‡bK Lvev‡i ficyi †UwejwU| Avgv‡`i mv‡_ Av‡Qb jywm-BqvsM| GZ Lvevi †`‡L Avgv‡`i hLb †PvL Qvbveov ZLb jywm wb‡R †_‡KB ej‡jb Pxbviv meB Lvq ïay Lvev‡ii †UwejwU Qvov| Avgiv ZLb mevB Zvi K_vq bv †n‡m cvwiwb| Z‡e Pxbviv Pwe© RvZxq Lv`¨, gkjv ev wPwb †L‡Z cQ›` K‡i Kg| `ycy‡ii Lvev‡ii †kl fv‡M Zigy‡Ri mv‡_ wQj †KK| ZigyRUv LvIqvi ci hLb AwZ AvMÖn f‡i †KKUv gy‡L w`‡qwQ ZLb †`wL Gi ¯^v` Avgv‡`i †`‡ki wPZj wcVvi gZ| wgwói †Kvb evjvB †bB|

                 ÔPzswKsÕ Gi †g‡qiv †`L‡Z Px‡bi Acivci A‡ji †g‡q‡`i PvB‡Z A‡bK my›`i| Zvi KviY wnmv‡e GKwU e¨L¨v w`‡q‡Qb Avgv‡`i MvBW wg: †Rv| Zvui fvlvq †h‡nZz GUv ce©‡Zi kni myZivs †g‡qiv iv¯Ív w`‡q IVvbvgv Ki‡Z KmiZ nq †ekx| †hUv‡K cÖwZw`‡bi e¨qv‡gi mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv hvq| GRb¨ G kn‡ii †g‡q‡`i kix‡i Pwe© evmv eva‡Z cv‡ibv Ges G GjvKvi †g‡qiv j¤^v nq †ekx| wg: †Rv Zvi `xN©w`‡bi m½x AZ¨šÍ AvcbRb wg‡mm †Rv Gi mv‡_ Avgv‡`i cwiPq Kwi‡q w`‡jb| mwZ¨Kvifv‡e wZwb Aciƒc my›`ix| PzswKs kn‡i Avgiv GKwU gmwR` †`L‡Z †cjvg| wg: †Rv‡K Ge¨cv‡i wRÁvmv Ki‡j wZwb Rvbvb †h‡nZz wkí bMix GUv †m‡nZz me a‡g©i †jvKB G kn‡i Av‡Qb| Px‡bi wewfbœ AÂj †_‡K PvKzixi myev‡` G‡m A‡b‡KB GLv‡b ¯’vqx n‡q †M‡Qb| Z‡e g~jZ: eyw×Rg, K‡¤úkb Ges _vBRg GB wZbwU a‡g©i †jvKB Px‡b †ekx| Z‡e hvi hvi ag© Ki‡Z †Kvb evav wb‡la †bB Ges ivóªxq fv‡e †Kvb ag©‡K Avjv`vfv‡e c„ó‡cvlKZv Kiv nqbv ev ivRwbZx‡Z ag©‡K e¨envi Kiv m¤ú„Y© wb‡la|

                 ÔwmPzqvbvÕ cÖ‡`‡k Avgv‡`i _vKvi mgqKvj wQj gvÎ wZb w`b| GB wZb w`‡b mg¯Í cÖ‡`k †`Lv cÖvq Am¤¢e| KviY wmPzqvbv cÖ‡`kwUi AvqZb d«vÝ bvgK †`‡ki PviwUi mgvb| Z‡e Px‡bi gvbnvUb e‡j L¨vZ PzswKs kni‡K BD‡iv‡ci A‡bK my›`i kn‡ii mv‡_ Zzjbv Kiv hvq|

                 18 RyjvB‡Z Avgv‡`i †eBwRs hvIqvi wmwWDj Kiv Av‡Q| †eBwRO Gi c~‡e©I bvg wQj wcwKs| Avgiv QvÎ mg‡q wcwKs cš’x e‡j QvÎ BDwbqb†K (†gbb) ejZvg| AvR GB wcwKs kniwU †eBwRs bv‡g cwiwPZ| Gqvi Pvqbvi †evwhs 737 G 11.20 wgwb‡U Avgiv PzswKs Gqv‡cvU© †_‡K iIqvbv njvg †eBwRs Gi D‡Ï‡k¨| 2 N›Uv ci 13.20 wgwb‡U †cŠQjvg †eBwRs wegvb e›`‡i| wegvbe›`‡i cv w`‡ZB †Ui cvIqv †Mj SKS‡K Gqvi‡cvU©| wegvb e›`i nj GKwU †`‡ki cÖ‡ekØvi| ‡mLv‡b †b‡gB †evSv hvq †`kwUi Dbœqb †Kvb ¯’‡i Av‡Q| cwicvwU K‡i mvRv‡bv wegvb e›`i| AvaywbK e¨e¯’vi †Kvb wKQyB Abycw¯’Z †bB| g‡b coj Bsj¨v‡Ûi Ôwn_‡ivÕ Rvgv©wbi Ôd«vsKdzUÕ, ivwkqvi Ôg‡¯‹vÕ .BDbvB‡UW Avie Avwgiv‡Zi Ô`yevBÕ G mg¯Í Gqvi‡cv‡U©i †KvbUv †eBwRs Gqvi‡cv‡U©i PvB‡Z fvj ZvB wPšÍv KiwQjvg| Bwg‡MÖkb cvi n‡ZB †`Ljvg Ôevsjv‡`kÕ †jLv GKUv e¨bvi nv‡Z `vwo‡q Av‡Qb GK gwnjv| Avgiv Zvi Kv‡Q †h‡ZB wZwb mevB‡K ¯^vMZ Rvwb‡q cwiPq w`‡jb| ÔwRqvwjsÕ †Kv¤úvwbi c¶ †_‡K Zv‡`i ch©Ub †Kv¤úvbx‡K `vwqZ¡ †`Iqv n‡q‡Q Avgv‡`i‡K †`Lvïbv Kivi| wZwb ej‡jb Zvi PvqwbR bvg ÔwQqv‡iÕ| wKš‘ WvKvi mywe`v‡_© Avgiv †hb Zv‡K nvBwW e‡jB WvwK| evB‡i Avgv‡`i Rb¨ Av‡Q ch©Ub †Kv¤úvbxi Mvox| wegvbe›`i ‡_‡K Avgv‡`i wb‡q hvIqv nj †eBwRs cvBw&·b †nv‡U‡j| Pvi ZviKv †nv‡Uj| wegvbe›`i †_‡K †nv‡U‡j hvIqvi c‡_ †`Ljvg ARmª d¬vBIfvi| Pvi cvPZjv ch©šÍ d¬vBIfvi wbwg©Z n‡q‡Q hv‡Z †Kvbiƒc hvbR‡Ui m„wó bv nq| Avgv‡`i MvBW nvBwW Mvox‡Z D‡VB Zvi `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi Rb¨ D`MÖxe| gvBKUv nv‡Z wb‡qB eY©bv w`‡Z jvM‡jb| †eBwRs Gqvi‡cvU©Uv 1996 mv‡j byZb K‡i ms¯‹vi K‡i Pxb miKvi| 16000 †¯‹vqvi wgUvi Gqvi‡cvU©wU mvRv‡bv n‡q‡Q 2008 mv‡ji Awjw¤úK‡K mvg‡b †i‡L| †eBwRs‡K ejv nq dz‡ji kni| Pvwiw`‡K ZvKv‡jB dzj Avi dzj| Kwe mvwnwZ¨K‡`i Rb¨ kniwU AZ¨šÍ DËg RvqMv|

                 ‡eBwRs kn‡ii cwiwa n‡”Q 16000 †¯‹vqvi wK‡jvwgUvi| †hLv‡b 15 †KvwU gvbyl emevm K‡ib| GK mgq †eBwRs‡K (wcwKs) ejv nZ mvB‡K‡ji kni| gvÎ 25 eQ‡i G wPÎ e`‡j †M‡Q| Av‡M †hLv‡b cÖwZRbB GKUv mvB‡Kj e¨envi KiZ GLb †mUv `Lj K‡i wb‡q‡Q Mvox| †eBwRs Gi iv¯Ívq GLb cÖwZw`b 10 j¶ Mvox PjvPj K‡i| eZ©gv‡b 8 †KvwU evBmvB‡Kj †eBwRs Gi iv¯Ívq PjvPj Ki‡jI miKvixfv‡e e¨vsK †_‡K mnvqZv Kiv n‡”Q Mvox †Kbvi Rb¨| myjf wKw¯Í‡Z RbMb e¨vs‡Ki UvKv cwi‡kva Ki‡Qb| Mvox †hgb evo‡Q †mLv‡b cvj­v w`‡q iv¯ÍvI evo‡Q| GLb †hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’vq wec­e N‡U †M‡Q Px‡b| Dbœq‡bi Rb¨ †hvMv‡hvM e¨e¯’v GKUv d¨v±i| Pxb †mUv Ki‡Z †c‡i‡Q e‡jB Zv‡`i Rb¨ `ª“Z Dbœqb jvf Kiv m¤¢e n‡q‡Q|

                 Px‡b Avmvi c‡i mybvgM‡Ä evmvi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM ivL‡Z cvwiwb| PzswKs †_‡K †ek K‡qKevi †Póv K‡iI †hvMv‡hvM Ki‡Z cvwiwb| m¤¢eZ Avgvi evmvi †Uwj‡dvbUv dispkaced Kiv Av‡Q| †eBwRs †_‡K evmvq †Uwj‡dvb K‡i Lei †cjvg fqsKi eb¨vi K_v| Avgv‡`i evmvi bxP Zjvq BwZc~‡e© †Kvbw`b cvwb D‡Vwb wKš‘ Gevi cwb D‡V †M‡Q| mybvgMÄ kn‡ii me©Î †bŠKv Pj‡Q| GAe¯’vq gbUv Lye Lvivc| Avgvi †g‡q Ô`xqvÕ Rvbvj †QvU fvB i“‡nj bvwK †bŠKv wKb‡Z hv‡e| GiKg Ae¯’v n‡e Zv Avwg KLbI fvwewb| Px‡bi msev`c‡Î †`Ljvg Zv‡`i eb¨vi Lei| Avgv‡`i MvBW nvBwW‡K ejwQjvg evsjv‡`‡ki eb¨vi K_v| GK dzrKv‡i †m Dwo‡q w`‡q ejj, GK mgq Px‡bi eb¨v Zv‡`i `y:L wb‡q AvmZ| †nvqvsû b`x‡K Px‡bi `y:L ejv nZ| cwð‡gi DPz f~wgB Pvqbvi b`x c‡_i Drm| †nvqvsû b`xi cvwb Pvqbvi DËi Ask w`‡q cÖevwnZ nq| cwjgvwU R‡g wM‡q Ges e‡R©¨i mgvnv‡i GKmgq †nvqvsû b`xi MwfiZv Kg‡Z _v‡K| ZvQvov AcwiKwíZfv‡e Lvj, bvjv eÜ K‡i †`qvq eb¨v GKwU ¯^vfvweK e¨cvi n‡q `vwo‡qwQj| wKš‘ Pvqbv miKvi Zv‡`i fyj ai‡Z †c‡i †nvqvsûi `y:L‡K NywP‡q wb‡q‡Q| †nvqvsû b`x‡K Lbb K‡i Zvi MfxiZv evwo‡q w`‡q‡Q| †h mg¯Í ¯^vfvweK Lvj, bvjv wQj †m¸‡jv‡K Avevi Lbb K‡i w`‡q b`xi ¯^vfvweK MwZ‡K wRB‡q †i‡L‡Q, Avi b`x I Lvj¸‡jvi cv‡i cÖPzi ebvqb K‡i‡Q hv‡Z b`x I Lv‡ji cvi bv fvs‡Z cv‡i| †nvqvsû b`x I Bó Pvqbv †hLv‡b wgwjZ n‡q‡Q †mLv‡bi AMfxi Rjvf~wg‡Z M‡o D‡V‡Q cyWs wkí bMix| gvÎ eQi K‡qK Av‡MI †mLv‡b wQj avb †¶Z Avi GLb †mLv‡b MwR‡q D‡V‡Q cÖPzi nvBivBR wewìs| †hLv‡b K‡qK eQi Av‡MI eb¨vi cvwb _vKZ †mLv‡b Gevi n‡e †gvUi †iwms| Pxb eb¨v‡K †gvKvwejv K‡i‡Q cÖhyw³ w`‡q| nvBwWi K_v¸‡jv Dwo‡q †`qvi bq| Avgv‡`i evj¨Kv‡jI eb¨v nZ wKš‘ Gfv‡e kni Zwj‡q †hZbv| mybvgMÄ kn‡ii eyK w`‡q cvuPwU Lvj wQj †h¸‡jv w`‡q el©vi mgq eo eo †bŠKv †hZ| bexbM‡ii LvjwU cÖvq eÜ n‡q †M‡Q| ¯­~Bm †MBU wbg©vb Ki‡jI el©vi mgq †mUv‡Z Avi cvwb †h‡Z cv‡ibv| Avãyi iDd GW‡fv‡KU mv‡n‡ei evoxi mvg‡b w`‡q ‡h weivU Lvj wQj †mUv w`‡q cvwb P‡j †hZ nvI‡o| el©vq GB Lvj w`‡q †QvU j I eo eo †bŠKv †h‡Z Avwg †`‡LwQ| wKš‘ AcwiKwíZfv‡e GUvi Dci w`‡q Kiv n‡q‡Q iv¯Ív| KvgviLvj GLb †eAvBwb `Lj`vi‡`i Ke‡j| eySvB hvqbv GKKv‡j G Lvj w`‡q eo j ch©šÍ †hZ| mv‡ne evwoi mvg‡bi Lvj ev eocvovi Lv‡ji GKB Ae¯’v| Zv n‡j cvwb hvIqvi iv¯Ív †Kv_vq| ZvQvov cÖwZ eQi cwj R‡g R‡g myigv b`x fivU n‡q hv‡”Q| GLbI‡Zv evsjv‡`k miKvi Pvqbvi gZ eb¨v‡K wbqš¿b Kivi c`‡¶c wb‡Z cv‡i| Pvqbvi eb¨vi BwZnvm `xN©w`‡bi| Bqvswm DcZ¨Kvq †hLv‡b 40 †KvwU gvbyl emevm K‡ib †mLv‡b GKvwaKevi eb¨v n‡q‡Q| 1998 mv‡j 4000 †jv‡Ki g„Zy¨ n‡q‡Q Ges 25 wewjqb Wjvi ¶q¶wZ n‡q‡Q| Pvqbv miKvi Gi c‡i Av‡iv Lvj, W¨vg, WvBK, ¯­yBm wbg©vb K‡i‡Q| Px‡bi eb¨v cÖwZ‡iva, wbqš¿b I g¨v‡bRg¨v›U e¨e¯’v †_‡K evsjv‡`‡ki A‡bK wKQy †kLvi Av‡Q| cÖK…wZ‡K nq‡Zvev Rq Kiv m¤¢e bq| wKš‘ †Póv Ki‡j , Avevi Avgv‡`i Lvj¸‡jv Ly‡j w`‡j, b`x Lbb Ki‡j ev Lv‡ji cv‡i ebvqb Ki‡j ¶q¶wZ mxwgZ ivLv nqZ m¤¢e|

                 ‡eBwRsG _vKv Ae¯’vq Avgv‡`i wb‡q hvIqv nj Forbidden city‡Z| GK mgq †hLv‡b Px‡bi ivRviv _vK‡Zb| Pvwiw`‡K †`Iqvj w`‡q †eówb †`Iqv wQj ivRv, ev`kv‡`i evwo| wekvj RvqMv wb‡q mvZwU eo eo BgviZ ˆZix K‡i _vK‡Zb ivRv ev`kviv| GLv‡b ivL‡Zb Zv‡`i iw¶Zv‡`i| Avgv‡`i MvBW ejwQ‡jb ivRv ev`kviv cÖvqB iw¶Zv e`j Ki‡Zb| †njvj mv‡ne ej‡jb ZLb †eva nq GBWm Gi cÖ‡Kvc wQjbv| hvi Rb¨ ivRviv Avb›` dzwZ©‡Z w`b KvUv‡Z cvi‡Zb| wKš‘ PvqwbR nvBwWi DËi wQj Lye †mvRv| ivRviv Avb›` , dzwZ© Kivi Rb¨ Wywc­‡KU nqZ e¨envi Ki‡Zbbv| mevB m¤¢eZ fviwRb _vKvq mgm¨v wQjbv| Avi mgm¨v n‡jI cÖKvk nIqvUv wQj `ywe©mn e¨cvi| Zvi K_vq mevi gv‡SB gyPwK nvwm cwijw¶Z n‡”Q| `xN© 515 ermi 24 Rb ivRv Pxb‡K kvmb K‡i‡Qb| diwe‡Wb wmwUi cv‡kB wZ‡qb †gb †¯‹vqvi| †hLv‡b GK mgq eo eo Rbmfv nZ| cv‡kB Av‡Q wgDwRqvg| mviv w`b diwe‡Wb wmwU, wZ‡qb †gb †¯‹vqvi, wgDwRqvg †`L‡Z †`L‡Z P‡j †Mj| mevi g‡a¨ †`Ljvg GKwU Pvcv ¸Äb Pj‡Q| PvqwbR wm× Lvev‡i Avi cviv hv‡”Qbv| gmjvhy³ Lvevi †L‡Z n‡e| wKš‘ `j‡bZv †njvj mv‡ne‡K K_v¸‡jv ejvi `vwqZ¡ mevB Avgvi Dci w`‡q w`‡Z Pvb| AMZ¨v `ycy‡i Av‡gwiKvb dzW g¨vK‡Wvbv‡ì Lvevi mvi‡Z nj| Mcdonald K.F.C GLb w`b w`b Px‡b RbwcÖq n‡q DV‡Q| we‡kl K‡i byZb cÖRb¥ GB Lvev‡ii cÖwZ LyeB AvMÖn †`Lv‡”Q| hZ kn‡i †Mjvg me RvqMvq Zv‡`i kvLv cÖkvLv we¯—…Z| A‡bK¶b `vwo‡q Zvic‡i GKUz RvqMv K‡i wb‡Z nq| cÖPzi m¯Ív Lvevi| GKwU weM †gK, c‡U‡Uv wPc, AvBmwµg Ges †h †Kvb wWªsKm LvIqvi ciI evsjv‡`kx UvKvq 150 UvKvi †ekx wej nqbv| Pvqbv‡Z Av‡Q weivU evRvi| 125 †KvwU gvby‡li †`‡k GKUz Kg jvf K‡i LveviUv‡K RbwcÖq KivB Zv‡`i j¶| iv‡Z Av‡Q Avgv`i Rb¨ wcwKs A‡civ †`Lvi Av‡qvRb| BwZc~e© wcwKs A‡civi bvg ky‡bwQ eûevi| Avgv‡`i QvÎve¯Ívq QvÎ BDwbqb (†gbb) wcwKs A‡civi gZ Zv‡`i mvs¯‹…wZK Abyóvb Ki‡Zb| wKš‘ Gevi Pv¶zm wcwKs A‡civ †`‡L Avwg Avgvi AwfÁZvi Szwj‡K Av‡iv evwo‡q w`‡qwQ| Px‡bi ivRv ev`kv‡`i Av‡qwk Rxeb Avi Gwi g‡a¨ NUbv, `yN©Ubv‡K wb‡qB wcwKs A‡civi mvs¯‹…wZK Av‡qvRb Avgv‡`i Avb›` w`‡qwQj A‡bK †ekx|

                 c‡ii w`b †h‡Z n‡e Avgv‡`i‡K Px‡bi cÖvPxi †`L‡Z| mßg Avð‡h©i GK Avðh©| Avgv‡`i †nv‡Uj †_‡K Px‡bi cÖvPx‡ii cÖ‡ek gyL cÖvq 40 wK‡jvwgUvi c_| ch©Ub †Kv¤úvbx mKvj 9Uvq Mvox cvwV‡q w`‡q‡Q †nv‡U‡ji mvg‡b| mv‡_ MvBW nvBwW| nvBwW Px‡bi GKwU wek¦we`¨vjq ‡_‡K Bs‡iRx‡Z gvóvi wWMÖx K‡i‡Qb| GKwU ¯^bvgab¨ ch©Ub †Kv¤úvbxi mv‡_ Av‡Qb| G PvKzixUv bvwK Zvi A‡bK fvj jv‡M| wewfbœ ‡`‡ki gvby‡li mv‡_ cwiPq nq| H ‡`‡ki mvs¯‹…wZ, AvPvi AvPib mewKQy Rvbv n‡q hvq| Zvi eq‡d«Û GKRb AvBbRxwe| we‡q K‡ibwb GLbI wKš‘ GKmv‡_  Av‡Qb| hLb †m Rvbj AvwgI GKRb AvBbRxwe ZLb LvwZiUv GKUz †ekx n‡q wM‡qwQj| †njvj mv‡ne gv‡S gv‡S †RvK K‡i ej‡Zb wK fvex‡K †dvb Kie bvwK| nvBwWi Kv‡QB Rvbjvg Px‡b GK ev”Pvi †ekx wb‡j †mUv Aciv‡ai ch©v‡q c‡i| ïaygvÎ ev”PvwU weKjv½ n‡j KË…©c‡¶i AbygwZ wb‡q ev”Pv †bqv hv‡e| ZvB 1980 Bs‡iRxi ci Pvqbvi RbmsL¨v w¯’iZi Av‡Q| 1978 mvj †_‡K 1983 mvj ch©šÍ wQjvg Rvg©vbx‡Z| †mLv‡b wQj m¤ú~Y© D‡ëv| Rvg©vbxi RbmsL¨v ZLb 0% Gi bx‡P P‡j †M‡Q| miKvi ev”Pv †bIqvi Rb¨ DrmvwnZ Ki‡Q| cÖ_g ev”Pv wb‡j †h Child benifit wØZxq ev”Pv wb‡j Zvi PvB‡Z †ekx| Gfv‡e G‡Ki ci GK †e‡o hv‡e| Avgv‡`v †`k †_‡K hviv ZLb cwðg Rvg©vbx‡Z †M‡Qb Zviv‡Zv PviUv cvPUv K‡i ev”Pv wjwL‡q Avivg‡m PvBì †ewbwdU wbw”Q‡jb| GKB Ae¯’v Bsj¨v‡ÛI Pj‡Q| Avgvi Rvbvg‡Z A‡bK cwievi †mLv‡b wKQyB K‡ibbv wKš‘ PvBì †ewbwdU wb‡q AÆvwjKv evbv‡”Qb| Aek¨ †m †`k¸‡jvi miKvi A‡bK mRvM| Zv‡`i Kv‡Q e¨cvi¸‡jv A‡bK Av‡MB aiv c‡i‡Q|

                 Px‡bi cÖvPx‡ii cÖ‡ekØv‡i †h‡Z Avgv‡`i mgq jvMj cÖvq 1 N›Uv| KviY mvgvi _vKvq ch©UK‡`i A‡bK fxo| c‡_ R¨vg wQj A‡bK †ekx| Px‡bi cÖvPxi m¤^‡Ü Av‡M †h aviYv wQj cÖ‡ekgy‡L †h‡Z me cv‡ë †Mj| GLvb †_‡K P~ovq DV‡Z †M‡j Abygvb 5 wK‡jvwgUvi Dci w`‡K wmwo w`‡q DV‡Z n‡e| wmwo¸‡jv cv_‡ii| eo eo †óc| Abygvb Avav wK‡jvwgUvi DVvi ci †`Ljvg Avgvi gv_vUv Nyi‡Q| Avgv‡`i mv‡_ mdU wWªsK , cvwb BZ¨vw` wb‡q wM‡qwQjvg| Avgvi mv‡_ Av‡Qb h‡kvn‡ii bvCg mv‡ne| wZwb Avgv‡K wmwoi g‡a¨ ewm‡q w`‡q GK †evZj VvÛv cvwb gv_vq †X‡j w`‡jb| AMZ¨v DVvi wPšÍv ev` w`‡q w`jvg| bvg‡Z cvie wKbv †m wPšÍvUv GLb gv_vq| Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í GKwU GKwU K‡i wmwo w`‡q bx‡P Avm‡Z jvMjvg| ZZ¶‡b A‡b‡KB G‡m‡Qb| gvI-†m-Zzs bvwK e‡jwQ‡jb whwb P~ovq DV‡Z cvi‡eb wZwb n‡eb ÒHero of China Ó | Avgv‡`i MvBW nvBwW ejwQj m¤ú~Y© P~ovq bvwK 5wU †Nvov GK‡Î †`Šov‡bvi gZ iv¯Ív Av‡Q| Avi †mUvB †MÖU Iqvj ev Px‡bi cÖvPxi| ivRv ev`kv‡`i mg‡q g‡½vwjqvbiv cÖvqB G‡m Avµgb KiZ Avi †mRb¨B evB‡ii kΓ †_‡K Pxb‡K i¶v Kivi Rb¨ 2000 wK‡jvwgUvi `xN© cÖvPxi ˆZix Ki‡Z ïi“ K‡ib ivRviv|

                 Px‡b G‡m gvI-†m-Zzs‡K †`‡L hvebv †mUv †Kgb K‡i nq| 1976 mv‡j gvI-†m-Zzs  gviv †M‡j Zvi g„Z‡`n AweKj †i‡L †`qv n‡q‡Q| wZ‡qb‡gb †¯‹vqv‡ii cv‡kB Kiv n‡q‡Q gvI-†m-Zzs  Mausoleum | m‡f¤^i 1976 mv‡j KvR ïi“ nq G gy‡mvwjqvgwUi Ges †g 1977 mv‡j A_©r Qq gv‡mi g‡a¨B ˆZix n‡q hvq `k©bxq G ¯’vbwUi| 5.72 †n±i Rwg‡Z ˆZix Kiv n‡q‡Q gy‡mvwjqvgwU| gvI‡qi ¯§„wZ‡K a‡i ivLvi Rb¨ Pxb miKvi G D‡ÏvM MÖnY K‡ib| 20 kZ‡Ki Px‡bi mePvB‡Z RbwcÖq †bZv‡K gwg K‡i ivLv n‡q‡Q| j¶ j¶ gvbyl `‡j `‡j Av‡mb Zv‡`i G wcÖq †bZv‡K kª×v Rvbv‡Z| Avgiv mKvj 9Uvq iIqvbv w`‡q GK N›Uvi g‡a¨ †cŠ‡Q †M‡ji wM‡q †`wL weivU jvBb n‡q †M‡Q| ZeyI Px‡b G‡m gvI-†m-Zzs‡K bv †`‡L †M‡j Pxb AvmvB Am¤ú~Y© n‡q hv‡e| PviwU jvBb GKB mv‡_ Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í GwM‡q hv‡”Q| cÖvq AvovB N›Uv †j‡M †Mj gymvwjqvgwUi Kv‡Q Avm‡Z|

gy‡mvwjqvgwUi cv‡k Avm‡ZB VvÛv evZv‡mi Avfvm †cjvg| cy‡ivcywi Gqvi KwÛkb N‡ii g‡a¨ cÖ_g i“‡gB gvI‡qi Ave¶ g~wZ©| GLv‡b A‡b‡KB dzj w`‡q kª×v Rvbv‡”Qb Zv‡`i wcÖq †bZv‡K| Zvi c‡ii i“‡gB Kvu‡Pi Kwd‡b Av‡Q gvI-†m-Zzs Gi jvk| ‡ekx¶b _vKv hv‡ebv| G‡K‡Zv fxlb VvÛv| Zvic‡i wcQb †_‡K `k©Yv_©xiv Avm‡Qb| g‡b nj RjšÍ GKUv BwZnvm †`Lv n‡q †Mj| †Pqvig¨vb gvI‡qi gy‡mvwjqvgwUi gv‡SB Ab¨vb¨ i“‡g Av‡Q Px‡bi mgvRZvwš¿K Av‡›`vj‡bi Ab¨vb¨ †bZv †PŠ-Gb-jvB, wjD-kvI-wP, Ry-†`, †`I-wkqvI-wcs Ges †b-DB‡bi †g‡gvwi‡qj| †mLv‡b Av‡Q †bZv‡`i wewfbœ mg‡qi Qwe| †PŠ Gb jvB‡qi mv‡_ wf‡qZbv‡gi Awemsev`x †bZv †nv-wP- wg‡bi A·‡dvW© covi mg‡qi Qwe †`Lv †Mj †PŠ-Gb- jvB M¨jvwi‡Z| GB wewìswU GLb cwiYZ n‡q‡Q Px‡bi wec­we w`‡bi NUbvi mv¶x n‡q| †`I- wkqvI-wcs ¶gZvq G‡m Px‡bi mgvRZvwš¿K bxwZ †_‡K m‡i G‡m gy³ A_©wbZxi cÖeZ©K n‡jI Kvh©Z gvI †K wZwb A¯^xKvi K‡ibwb| MvBW nvBwW‡K ejjvg †mvwf‡qZ BDwbqb I Pxb †KD GLb mgvRZvwš¿K bxwZ‡Z ‡bB| Zvn‡j †Zvgv‡`i g‡a¨  cv_©K¨ ‡Kv_vq| nvBwWi my›`i DËi| †mvwf‡qZ BDwbqb gy³ A_©wbZx I mgvRZš¿ GKB mv‡_ ïi“ K‡i‡Q| Zviv Zv‡`i †`k †_‡K †jwj‡bi Ave¶ g~wZ© bvwg‡q ww`‡q‡Q|wKš‘ Avgiv gvI-†m-Zys†K GLbI kª×v Kwi| GKB mv‡_ gy³ A_©wbZxi cÖeZ©K †`I-wkqvI-wcs eZ©gvb cÖR‡b¥i RbwcÖq †bZv| GLbI KwgDwbó cvwU©i cwjU ey‡i¨vi wm×všÍB P~ovšÍ| Av‡M wkw¶Z Pxb nIqvi ci Zvic‡i MYZ‡š¿i K_v wPšÍv Kiv n‡e| wk¶v Qvov MYZš¿ m¤ú~Y© Aev¯Íe I Amg‡qvc‡hvMx| nvBwWi K_v‡K †d‡j †`Iqvi gZ bq| Avgv‡`i †`‡k wbe©vPb G‡j Kv‡jv UvKvi gvwjKiv UvKv LiQ K‡i †avKvq †d‡j †fvU wb‡q hvb| cvj©v‡g›U GLb Kv‡jv UvKvi gvwjK‡`i `L‡j| fv‡jv gvby‡liv Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í weZvwiZ n‡q hv‡”Qb|

                    `ycy‡i  Avevi Lvevi †Ljvg GKwU BUvwjqvb †nv‡U‡j| ‡mLvb †_‡K Avgv‡`i wb‡q hvIqv nj Px‡bi ivRv ev`kv‡` mvgvi †c­Bm †`Lv‡bvi Rb¨| ivRv ev`kiv _vK‡Zb Forbidden City†Z| mvgv‡i _vKvi Rb¨ Zviv b`xi Zx‡i K‡iwQ‡jb Av‡iv GKwU kni| GUv GLb ch©UK‡`i Rb¨Db¥y³ K‡i †`qv n‡q‡Q| ivRv ev`kv‡`i mg‡q GB mvgvi †c­B‡m wewfbœ †`‡ki KzU‰bwZKiv Avm‡Z cvi‡Zb| wKš‘ RbMbZvwš¿K wec­‡ei ci ivRv ev`kv‡`i Zvwo‡q G¸‡jv ivóªxq m¤úwˇZ cwiYZ Kiv n‡q‡Q|

eZ©gvb Px‡bi gv_vwcQy Mo Avq 1000 Wjvi| AvMvgx 20 eQ‡ii g‡a¨ G Avq evwo‡q 4000 Wjvi cwiKíbv Ki‡Q Pxb miKvi| 1978 mv‡j KwgDwbó cvwU©i cwjU ey¨‡ivi gva¨‡g ¶gZvq Av‡mb †`I-wkqvI-wcs| cª_‡gB Px‡bi cÖevmx abx‡`i Avgš¿Y Rvbvb †`‡k G‡m wkí KviLvbv Kivi Rb¨| 3 †KvwU Wjv‡ii bx‡P hviv wewb‡qvM Ki‡eb Zv‡`i †K›`ªxq miKv‡ii †Kvb AbygwZ jvM‡ebv| ïaygvÎ †Rjv cÖkvmK‡K Rvbv‡jB Pj‡e| we`y¨r, cvwb. †Uwj‡dvb, f~wg, cwi‡ek me wKQyi AbygwZ †Rjv cÖkvm‡Ki KvQ †_‡K wb‡Z n‡e| hv‡K e‡j Iqvb óc mvwf©m| cÖevmx abx I PvqwbR we‡klÁiv G Avk¦vm cvIqvi ci Av‡¯Í Av‡¯Í Zv‡`i wb‡Ri †`‡k G‡m wewb‡qvM Ki‡Z ïi“ Ki‡Z _v‡Kb| 125 †KvwU gvby‡li wekvj Avf¨šÍwib evRvi| Drcvw`Z c‡b¨i AvšÍR©vwZK evRvi hw` gv›`vI hvq Zv‡ZI ¶wZ †bB, ¯^‡`‡ki evRvi‡Zv Av‡QB| Gic‡iB Avm‡Z _v‡K we‡`kx †Kv¤úvbx¸‡jv wewb‡qvM Ki‡Z|  Px‡b Rvg©vbxi d·IqvMb, I‡cj, gvwm©wWR†eÄ Av‡gwiKvi we,Gg, Wwe­D, d«v‡Ýi †ibjU, Rvcv‡bi U‡qUv Mvox mn Rvcv‡bi mbx, †Kvwiqvi mvg‡mvb mevB GK mv‡_ wewb‡qvM Ki‡Z _v‡K|  GKw`‡K Av‡Q Px‡bi Avf¨šÍwib evRvi Aciw`‡K Px‡bi m¯’v kªg w`‡q Zviv Zv‡`i Drcvw`Z `ªe¨¸‡jv ißvbx Ki‡Q wek¦evRv‡i| PxbI Zv‡`i †KvwU †KvwU †eKvi gvbyl‡K PvKzix w`‡q †eKviZ¡ NywP‡q w`‡”Q| 2002 mv‡jB Px‡b ˆZix n‡q‡Q 32 jvL Mvox| G¸‡jv Zv‡`i Avf¨šÍwib evRv‡i wewµ K‡i A†bK †Kv¤úvbx we‡`‡kI wewµ Ki‡Q| Ab¨w`‡K Pxb we‡k¦i eo eo †`‡ki wkí, KviLvbvi cÖhyw³ †_‡K wk¶v MÖnY K‡i ˆZix Ki‡Q Mvox, ‡gvUi mvB‡Kj, †gvevBj †dvb mn wewfbœ ai‡bi BwÄb| †h¸‡jv Avf¨šÍwib evRv‡i wewµ K‡iI Zviv AvšÍR©vwZK evRv‡i wewµ Ki‡Qb| we‡kl K‡i `w¶Y c~e© Gwkqvi evRvi eZ©gv‡b Zviv  `Lj K‡i †d‡j‡Qb| Avgv‡`i †`‡k BwÄb †bŠKvq †h BwÄb¸‡jv †`Lv hvq Zvi 100 fvMB Pvqbvi ˆZix| Ggwbfv‡e Pvqbvi wR,wW,wc cÖwZeQi evowZi w`‡K| kwdK †ingvb mv‡ne Zvi w`‡bi ci w`b Kjv‡g wj‡L‡Qb cwð‡gi  cÖfvekvjx Avw_©K cÖwZóvb †Mvìg¨vb m¨vKm Zv‡`i me©‡kl fwel¨r evbx‡Z e‡j‡Qb, 2040 mv‡ji Av‡MB Pvqbv n‡e we‡k¦i me‡P‡q eo B‡Kvbwgi †`k| ˆ`wbK B›Uvib¨vkbv‡ji n¨ivì wUªweDb 11 RyjvB 2004 msL¨vi cÖKvwkZ Le‡i ejv n‡q‡Q 2050 mv‡j Pvqbvi wR,wW,wc n‡e 44.4 wUªwjqb Wjvi| †hLv‡b wØZxq ¯’v‡b _vK‡e Av‡gwiKv| Pvqbvi G mvdj¨ Zv‡`i `yi`k©x I ev¯ÍegyLx, mr I †hvM¨ †bZ…‡Z¡i d‡jB m¤¢e n‡q‡Q| †`I-wkqvI-wcs hLb gy³ A_©wbZx‡Z Pvqbv‡K wb‡q hvb ZLb wZwb mgv‡jvwPZ n‡q‡Qb †`‡ki †fZ‡i I evB‡i| wKš‘ mZZv I wbóvi gva¨‡g KwgDwbó cvwU©i cwjU ey¨‡ivi †bZ…e„›` cÖgvb K‡i‡Qb Zviv †`k‡K fvjev‡mb| ‡`k‡K GwM‡q wb‡q †h‡Z bxwZi cwieZ©b Ki‡ZI Zviv cÖ¯ÍZ| G‡¶‡Î †`I-wkqvI-wcO Gi ‡mB weL¨vZ Dw³ Avevi D”PviY K‡i ejv hvq Ô weovjUv mv`v bv Kv‡jv †mUv eo K_v bq Avm‡j †mUv C`yi gvi‡Z cv‡i wKbv †mUvB eo K_vÓ

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           Avgiv ZLb fviZ evsjv‡`k mxgvšÍ MÖvg †is¸qv‡Z| gyw³hy‡×i Dlvj‡Mœ eÜz †gvmv‡Ï‡Ki mv‡_ mybvgMÄ kn‡i _vK‡jI c‡i Avgiv wew”Qbœ n‡q hvB| Avwg Avgvi wbR evwo †`vqvivevRvi _vbvi j¶xcy‡i G‡m gyw³hy× msMwVZ Kivi Kv‡R †j‡M hvB| nwiYvcvwU© MÖv‡gi knx` †PŠayix bv‡gi GK DÏgx hyeK Ges Zvui mv‡_ gyRvwn` KgvÛvi Kwei Avng`, `yR‡b wg‡j ¯’vbxq Avbmvi, gyRvwn`‡`i wb‡q M‡o Zz‡jb †QvULv‡Uv evwnbx| gv‡S gv‡S cvwK¯Ívwb †mbv‡`i e¨wZe¨v¯Í Ki‡Z  Avµgb K‡ib| Gwi g‡a¨ gyw³‡hv×v‡`i cÖ_g e¨v‡Pi †Uªwbs mgvß n‡q‡Q| †gvmv‡ÏK cÖ_g e¨v‡P †Uªwbs w`‡q †is¸qv‡Z G‡m‡Q| Zvi evev ‡`Iqvb Ievq`yi †iRv †PŠayix 1970 mv‡ji wbe©vP‡b RvZxq cwil` m`m¨ wbe©vwPZ n‡qwQ‡jb| ‡gvmv‡ÏK gyw³hy‡× bv wM‡q  †KvjKvZv ev wkjsG †_‡K Avivg Avqv‡k w`bUv KvwU‡q w`‡Z cviZ| wKšÍ †m †mUv K‡iwb| mybvgMÄ †_‡K evjv‡U wM‡q `yÕGKw`b kiYv_©x wkwe‡i ivZ KvwU‡q c‡i P‡j wM‡qwQj †Uªwbs K¨v‡¤ú| Avwg ejwQ gyw³hy‡×i wcÖq gyL †`Iqvb †gvmv‡ÏK †iRvi K_v| mybvgMÄ kn‡i Avgiv eo n‡q D‡VwQ GK mv‡_| Avgvi GK K¬vm Dc‡i coZ †gvmv‡ÏK| Avwg 1967 mv‡j Gm.Gm.wm cvk Ki‡jI †m cvk K‡i 1966 mv‡j| wKšÍ K‡j‡R G‡m Avevi GK mv‡_ n‡q hvB| m¤¢eZ GBP.Gm.wm cix¶v bv †`Iqvq Avwg n‡q hvB Zvi K¬vm †gU| †mvbvi PvgP gy‡L w`‡qB Rb¥ Zvi| †QvUKv‡j gv nviv‡bv †Q‡j‡K  wcZv †mœn Ki‡Zb A‡bK †ekx| AZ¨šÍ †gavex †gvmv‡ÏK GKv‡WwgK wk¶vi cÖwZ me mgq wQj D`vwmb| K‡j‡Ri covïbvi MwÛi PvB‡Z AvÇv †`IqvB  me PvB‡Z wcÖq wQj Zvi| wKšÍ evB‡ii Ávb wQj Zvi cÖPyi| †h †Kvb welq wb‡q Av‡jvPbv DV‡j †m †hfv‡e AskMÖnY KiZ Zv‡Z mevB‡K AevK K‡i w`Z| cÖPzi evB‡ii eB coZ Avi mgmvgwqK wel‡q  covïbv wQj †ekx| Bs‡iRx‡Z Zvi `¶Zv Zzjbvnxb| ¯‹z‡j _vKvi mgqB  kª‡×q wk¶K Avjx dwi` mv‡ne Zv‡K evmvq G‡m Bs‡iRx cov‡Zb| ZvB Bs‡iRx MÖvgvi ev Bs‡iRxi welq wfwËK Ávb Zv‡K mg„× K‡iwQj|

 †gvmv‡Ï‡Ki mv‡_ †`Lv  nq †is¸qv K¨v‡¤ú| eÜz evÜe‡`i gv‡S Zvi mv‡_B gyw³hy‡× Avgvi cÖ_g †`Lv| GZw`b †h AwbwðqZv Avgv‡K Av”Qbœ K‡i †i‡LwQj †gvmv‡ÏK‡K cvIqvi ci mvnm Avi DÏg Zv w`¸b n‡q hvq| †gvmv‡ÏK LyeB ‡gavex , eyw×gvb wQj| hviv Zvi mv‡_ Pjv‡div K‡iwb Zv‡`i c‡¶  G e³e¨ nq‡Zv MÖnYxq bvI n‡Z cv‡i| †m ‡Kvbw`b wb‡R‡K cÖKvk Ki‡Zv bv| iv‡Z Mí ¸R‡ei duv‡K ej‡Zv RbMb mv‡_ bv _vK‡j gyw³hy‡× mdjZv Avm‡ebv| ZvB evRv‡i evRv‡i msMÖvg cwil` K‡i RbMb‡K a‡i ivLv `iKvi| Zvi K_vgZ wKQyw`b Avgiv msMÖvg cwil` Kivi Kv‡R †j‡M hvB| cÖ_‡gB cvwK¯Ívb evRv‡ii bvg cwieZ©b K‡i †mUv‡K Kwi evsjvevRvi| Avi GB evRv‡iB ¯^vaxb evsjv msMÖvg cwil` bv‡g KwgwU Kivi gva¨‡gB ïi“ nq RbMb‡K msMwVZ Kivi KvR| †mLv‡bB cwiPq g`b†gvnb b›`x bv‡g mv‡_| b›`x evey cÖwZÁv K‡iwQ‡jb †`k ¯^vaxb bv n‡j Pzj , `vwo, bL wKQyB wZwb KvU‡ebbv| b›`x eveyi Bqv j¤^v `vwo, nv‡Zi bL¸‡jv †hb KvD‡K Avµgb Kivi Rb¨ cÖ¯ÍZ, Pzj¸‡jv‡K †e‡a ivLv n‡q‡Q wkL‡`i gZ|  GK`g Nve‡o wM‡qwQjvg| g‡b n‡qwQj Zv‡K w`‡q msMVb Kivi KvR KZUzKz n‡e| Pzj, `vwo, Avi b‡Li †ndvRZ Ki‡Z Ki‡ZB mgq P‡j hv‡e| wKš‘ gvbyl fv‡e GK, nq Ab¨ iKg| b›`xevey MÖv‡gi GKRb mvavib †jvK n‡Z cv‡ib wKšÍ Zvi KvQ †_‡K †kLvi Av‡Q A‡bK| nv‡Zi †jLv PgrKvi| hLb Rvb‡jb †gvmv‡Ï‡Ki wcZv †`Iqvb Ievq`yi †iRv †PŠayix G A‡ji RvZxq cwil` m`m¨, ZLb wZwb Av‡iv DrmvwnZ n‡jb| ïi“ nj Avgv‡`i msMÖvg cwil` Movi KvR| msMÖvg cwil‡`i Kv‡Ri KvVv‡gv wVK Kiv nj| kΓ‡`i (cvwK¯Ívwb nvbv`vi, ivRvKvi, kvwšÍ KwgwU) LeivLei Rvbv‡bv, gyw³‡hv×v‡`i Rb¨ Lvevi msMÖn Kiv, kΓ‡`i MwZwewai Lei ivLv BZ¨vw`| g`b†gvnb b›`xi evwo AvkvDov MÖv‡g | gyw³hy‡×i GB `¶ msMVK, ¯^vaxbZvi ci Avw_©K Afve AbU‡bi Rb¨ GjvKv †Q‡o P‡j hvb| ï‡bwQ MvRxcy‡i †Kvb GK MÖv‡gi evRv‡i MÖvg Wv³vix K‡i †Kvbfv‡e msmvi Pvjv‡”Qb| g`b‡gvnb b›`x GKw`b Avgv‡K Ges †gvmv‡ÏK‡K ej‡jb GB †h Avgiv msMÖvg cwil` KiwQ †mUvi‡Zv †Kvb AvBbMZ wfwË †bB| Gfv‡e‡Zv Av‡iK `j G‡m Av‡iKUv msMÖvg cwil` Ki‡e| j¶ Kijvg  Avgv‡`i Mov msMÖvg cwil` wb‡q K_vevZ©v n‡”Q| Gwi gv‡S wKQy †jvKRb weKí wPšÍv Ki‡Q| b›`xevey ej‡jb Avgiv hw` Avgv‡`i KwgwU gvbbxq Gg.Gb.G mv‡ne‡K w`‡q Aby‡gv`b K‡i wb‡Z cvwi ZvB‡j Avi mgm¨v n‡ebv| †gvmv‡Ï‡Ki evev †`Iqvb Ievq`yi ‡iRv †PŠayix _v‡Kb evjv‡U| ‡m mgq Avgv‡`i †hvMv‡hvM wQj GKgvÎ cv‡q †n‡U †`Lv Kiv| †Kvb †Uwj‡dvb, †gvevBj ev Iqvi‡jm wKQyB wQjbv| wKšÍ b›`x eveyi K_v‡Zv Lye GKUv †djvi bq| wVK Kijvg evjv‡U hve| Avgv‡`i mve †m±i KgvÛvi wnmv‡e ZLb †hvM w`‡q‡Qb K¨v‡Þb †njvjDwÏb| me KgvÛB Zvi Kv‡Q P‡j †M‡Q| evjv‡U hvIqvi Rb¨ K¨v‡Þb †njv‡ji Kv‡Q QywU PvBjvg| ejjvg †gvmv‡Ï‡Ki gv, fvB †evbiv evjv‡U G‡m‡Qb Zv‡`i †`LvUvB QywUi KviY| Avgiv Pjjvg evjv‡Ui D‡Ï‡k¨| cvnv‡oi Ge‡iv †_e‡iv iv¯Ív w`‡q nvUv ïi“| cÖvq 20 Kw‡jvwgUvi iv¯Ív, wb‡RivI c_ wPwbbv| mKv‡j iIqvbv n‡q weKv‡ji w`‡K evjv‡U G‡m †cŠQjvg| Avgvi mv‡_ msMÖvg cwil‡`i KwgwUi KvMR| †`Iqvb Ievq`yi ‡iRv mv‡ne‡K ej‡ZB wZwb LyeB Lywk n‡jb| GiKg GKUv KvR Avgiv Ki‡Z †c‡iwQ †R‡b bv †`‡LB wZwb KwgwU Aby‡gv`b K‡i w`‡jb|

 †mLv‡bB †`Lv Avgvi Av‡iK wcÖq gyL wgby fvBi mv‡_| mybvgMÄ QvÎ BDwbq‡bi †bZv  GBP.Gg mvweŸi wgbyi Avgv‡`i PvB‡Z wmwbqi| GK AgvwqK gvbyl| wb‡R‡K †Kvbw`b cÖKvk Ki‡Zbbv| mybvgM‡Ä †hw`b cvwK¯Ívwb †mbviv G‡m KviwdB Rvix K‡i †mw`b †bZ…e„›` wm×všÍ †bb KviwdB fv½‡Z n‡e| GB A‰ea Av‡`k Avgiv gvb‡evbv| wKšÍ †mUv‡Zv RbMb‡K Rvbv‡Z n‡e| ‡K †m `vwqZ¡ †b‡e| ZLb †mB DËvj w`‡j cvwK¯Ívwb evwnbxi †PvL iv½v‡bv‡K D‡c¶v K‡i `yB mvweŸi gvBK wb‡q mviv kni Nyi‡jb| GKRb QvÎjx‡Mi mvweŸi Avng` Avi AciRb mvweŸi wgby| wgby fvB AvZ¥cÖPvi wegyL gvbyl| wb‡R wQ‡jb AK…Z`vi| gyw³hy‡× mwµq Ask MÖnY K‡i‡Qb †mUv wZwb KvD‡K ej‡Zbbv| eZ©gvb cÖR‡b¥i A‡b‡KB Zv‡K gyw³‡hv×v wnmv‡e Rvb‡Zbbv| wb‡R †Kvbw`b †bZv n‡Z Pvbwb A_P †bZv ˆZix‡Z wZwb wQ‡jb KvwiMi| wgby fvB †Kb Rvwb evjv‡U _vK‡Z Pvw”Q‡jbbv| Avgv‡K ej‡jb Avwg †Zvgvi mv‡_ †i½yqv‡Z P‡j hve| Zvi c‡i gyw³hy‡×i cy‡iv mgqUB my‡L `y‡L wgby fvBi mv‡_ KvwU‡qwQ| A‡bK wec‡` wgby fvB †Q‡o hvbwb| AZ¨šÍ eo gv‡ci GKRb gvbyl| hvi gbUv wQj LyeB eo| GK mgq Avgiv GK mv‡_ wkjs wM‡qwQjvg| hy‡×i A¯¿ Avbvi Rb¨ Avgv‡K cvVv‡bv n‡qwQj wkjsG fviZxq evwnbxi †nW †KvqvU©v‡i| †mB w`b Avwg Ges wgby fvB GK mv‡_B wkjs hvB| wgby fvBi bvg gyw³‡hv×v ZvwjKvq D‡VwQj wKbv †mUv wb‡q wgby fvB †Kvbw`b Rvb‡Z Pvbwb| G †jLvUv ˆZix Kivi mgq †M‡RU †ei K‡i †`LwQjvg| †c‰imfvi ZvwjKvq wgby fvBi bvg †bB c‡i GK mgq †cjvg myigv BDwbq‡bi ZvwjKvq Zvi bvg|

evjv‡U kiYv_©x wkwe‡i ZLb Pig Ae¯’v| cy‡iv wkwei K‡jivq Av³všÍ| Lei †cjvg Avgv‡`i †lvjN‡ii AwZ cwiwPZ KzÛwjwb gvwm gviv †M‡Qb K‡jivq| gvwm avBi KvR Ki‡Zb| Avgv‡`i evmvq Zvi Aeva hvZvqvZ wQj| evjv‡U wM‡q Zvi g„Z¨y msev` ï‡b e¨vw_Z nB|  wKšÍ GB Pig wech©‡qi gv‡SI GKRb Zvi `jej wb‡q nZvkvMÖ¯’ gvbyl‡K Avkvi Av‡jv mÂvi Ki‡Qb wZwb Avgvi Av‡iK wcÖq gyL †`Iqvb gnwmb †iRv †PŠayix| gnwmb fvB‡K †P‡bbv Ggb †jvK nq‡Zv mybvgM‡Ä KgB Av‡Q| Avgv‡`i †QvU mgq cvwK¯Ív‡bi RvZxq w`e‡m cyivZb †Kv‡U©i mvg‡b Abyóvb n‡Zv| Av‡jvPbv mfvi c‡iB mvs¯‹„wZK Abyóvb Avi GB Abyóv‡bi ga¨gwb gnwmb fvB| Av‡qvRKiv gnwmb fvBi c¨v‡ivwW Mvb, Rvix Mvb ev KwgK¸‡jv ivL‡Zb mevi c‡i| hv‡Z `k©K a‡i ivLv hvq| †mB gnwmb ivRv Avgv‡`i gyw³hy‡× GK Amvgvb¨ Ae`vb iv‡Lb| wZwb kiYv_©x wkwei¸‡jv‡Z wM‡q bvUK, Mvb BZ¨vw`i gva¨‡g gvbyl‡K Dw¾weZ Ki‡Zb| cvwK¯Ívwb nv‡qbv‡`i AZ¨vPvi Avi Zv‡`i mn‡hvMx ivRvKvi Avje`i‡`i Kg©KvÛ dz‡U DVZ Zvi †jLv Mvb I bvU‡K| gy³ GjvKvq wM‡q cÖPvibv Pvjv‡Zb , D™¢y× Ki‡Zb Zi“b‡`i gyw³hy‡× †hvM`v‡bi Rb¨| GKmgq gnwmb fvBi mv‡_ Avwg AZ‡cÖvZfv‡e RwoZ wQjvg| Avgv‡K nv‡Z a‡i bvU‡K Awfbq Kwi‡q‡Qb| A‡bK bvUK K‡iwQ Zvi mv‡_| 1969 mv‡j gv`vwicy‡i gnwmb fvBi mv‡_ bvUK Ki‡Z wM‡qwQjvg| ï× evsjvq K_v ejv, D”PviY ï× Kiv G¸‡jv gnwmb fvBi KvQ †_‡K †kLv| GKvËi mv‡j GB mvs¯‹…wZgbv gvbylUvI cvwK¯Ívwb‡`i AZ¨vPv‡ii wei“‡× cÖwZevw` n‡qwQ‡jb|

 evjv‡U ZLb gyw³hy‡× hvIqvi Rb¨ cÖPzi hyeK A‡c¶vq| †Uªwbs †m›Uv‡i RvqMv msKzjvb bv nIqvq kiYv_©x wkwei¸‡jv‡Z fxo †j‡MB Av‡Q| evjv‡Ui _vbvi cv‡kB †QvU GKwU gvV| gv‡Vi gv‡S fxo Rwg‡q‡Qb K‡qKkZ hyeK| Zv‡`i `vex Zv‡`i‡K †UªwbsG cvVv‡Z n‡e| evey myiwÄZ †mb ¸ß ZLb cÖv‡`wkK cwil‡`i m`m¨| wZwb G‡m‡Qb gyw³‡hv×v †UªwbsG hyeK‡`i wiµzU Kivi Rb¨| mevi AvKzwZ Zviv †UªwbsG hv‡e| hy× gv‡bB g„Zz¨ ev c½y nIqvi AvMvg evZ©v| GLv‡b eveywMwi Kivi †Kvb e¨cvi bq| Zvic‡iI kZ kZ †Q‡jiv G‡m‡Q †¯^”Qvq AvZ¥vûwZ w`‡Z| GUv GLbKvi cÖRb¥ Kíbv‡ZI Avb‡Z cvi‡ebv| ‡mb`v mevB‡K jvBb a‡i `vov‡Z ej‡jb| K`©gv³ gv‡Vi GKcÖvšÍ †_‡K Av‡iK cÖvšÍ ch©šÍ µwjs Ki‡Z n‡e| †h 20 Rb Av‡M hv‡e Zv‡`i‡K cÖ_g †UªwbsG cvVv‡bv n‡e| ivL XvK bv K‡i †h hvi gZ K‡i `vwo‡q †Mj| hv‡`i Mv‡q jyswM Zviv gvj‡KvPv w`‡q cÖ¯‘Z| gv‡V evwk evRv‡”Qb mvgwiK evwnbxi GK nvwej`vi| µwjs K‡i Mv‡q Kv`v, gvwU †g‡L H wekR‡bi gv‡S Avgvi Avi GKwU wcÖq gyL‡K †`L‡Z †cjvg| wZwb gCbDwÏb †PŠayix| GcÖR‡b¥i A‡b‡KB Zv‡K wPb†ebbv| mËi `kK Avi ¯^vaxbZvi c‡i K‡qK eQi mybvgM‡Äi mvwnZ¨, mvs¯‹…wZ, mvsevw`KZvq Zvi c`Pvibv wQj mePvB‡Z †ekx| gCbDwÏb †PŠayixi evox nweMÄ †Rjvi AvRwgwiMÄ _vbvi kvLvBwZ MÖv‡g| Avgv‡`i gvbbxq wePvicwZ wgdZvn DwÏb †PŠayix i“wgi gvgv gCbDwÏb †PŠayix| ‡mB myev‡` mybvgM‡Ä G‡m Avgv‡`i K‡j‡Ri wcÖwÝcvj Rbve gbœvb †P‰ayixi evmvq †_‡K ‡m covïbv KiZ| mybvgM‡Äi me RvqMvq Zvi c`Pvibv wQj| ‡Uªwbs mgvß K‡i †U‡jiNvU mve †m±‡ii GKRb †Mwijv †hv×v wnmv‡e D‡j­L‡hvM¨ Ae`vb iv‡L| ¯^vaxbZvi ci mvsevw`KZvq g‡bvwb‡ek K‡i| c‡i †mUv‡KB Zvi †ckv wnmv‡e †e‡Q wbj| XvKv‡Z wM‡q Rxeb msMÖv‡g wewfbœ cwÎKvq KvR Ki‡Z jvMj| GK mgq ˆ`wbK jvj mey‡Ri Pxd wi‡cvU©vi wnmv‡e `vwqZ¡ wbj| AZ¨šÍ eÜz evrmj gCbDwÏb †PŠayix AZ¨šÍ Aí eq‡m Avgv‡`i †Q‡o P‡j †M‡Qb| ï‡bwQ e¨vWwg›Ub †Ljvq nvU© GUvK n‡qwQj Zvi|

gyw³hy‡×i GB wcÖq gyL‡`i †KB Avgv‡`i gv‡S †bB| mevB P‡j †M‡Qb bv †divi †`‡k| KvKZvjxq fv‡e Zv‡`i mevi bv‡gi Av`¨v¶i ÕgÕ| Avgvi wcªq gvbyl , gyw³hy‡×i wcÖq gyL †gvmv‡ÏK, wgby fvB, gnwmb fvB Avi gCb DwÏb †PŠayix |

Legal Aid and Some other words

AvBbMZ mnvqZv- wKQy cÖvmw½K K_v

GKwU MYZvwš¿K †`‡k mKj bvMwiK A_©‰bwZK I mvgvwRK b¨vq wePvi cvIqvi `vex iv‡L| A_©‰bwZK AwaKv‡ii g‡a¨ Zvi _vKv, LvIqv, evm¯’vb BZ¨vw`i K_v ejv Av‡Q| BD‡ivc, Av‡gwiKv I KvbvWv‡Z bvMwi‡Ki A_©‰bwZK AwaKvi †`Lvi welq¸‡jv ¸i“r w`‡q †`Lv nq| ‡h mg¯Í †`k cy‡ivcywi bvMwi‡Ki A_‰bwZK AwaKv‡ii e¨cv‡i m‡PZb Zv‡`i‡K mvgvwRK ivóª ev (Social State) e‡j| Avevi b¨vq wePvi cvIqvi  mKj bvMwi‡Ki AwaKvi Av‡Q| GKRb gvbyl b¨vq wePvi †cj wK bv †mUv †`Lv iv‡óªi `vwqZ¡| c„w_exi mKj DbœZ †`‡k mvgvwRK ˆelg¨ `yi Kivi Rb¨ AvBbMZ mnvqZvi cÖkœUv ¸i“r mnKv‡i †`Lv nq| BD‡iv‡c †`Ljvg hv‡`i PvKzix bvB ev hviv mgvR Kj¨vY wefvM †_‡K Avw_©K Aby`vb wb‡q Rxeb RxweKv wbeŸ©vn Ki‡Qb Zviv miKvixfv‡e AvBbMZ mnvqZv ‡c‡q _v‡Kb| G‡¶‡Î Zv‡`i‡K mivmwi AvBbRxwei Kv‡Q †M‡jB nq| wZwbB miKv‡ii KvQ †_‡K gvgjvi Avbylvw½K LiQ mn Zvi wb‡Ri wdm Av`vq K‡i †bb| Avgv‡`i gZ `wi`ª w‡`‡k AvBbMZ mnvqZv †`Iqvi e¨cviUv miKvixfv‡e ¯^xK…wZ cvq 2000 mv‡j| wmWvi (Canadian International Devolopment Agency) Avw_©K Aby`v‡b cÖ_g †`‡ki me †Rjvq AvBbMZ mnvqZv KwgwU MVb Kivi miKvix wm×všÍ Av‡m| Avwg wb‡RI ‡mB HwZnvwmK wm×v‡šÍi GKUv ch©v‡qi Askx`vi| miKvi ‡K›`ªxqfv‡e GKwU kw³kvjx KwgwU MVb Kivi ci cÖwZwU †Rjvq †Rjv R‡Ri †bZ…‡Z¡ †Rjv KwgwU Kivi Rb¨ wb‡`©k †`q| †Rjv AvBbRxex mwgwZ‡K †mUv‡Z m¤ú„³ Kiv nq| AvBbRxex mwgwZi mfvcwZ I mvavib m¤úv`K‡K KwgwU‡Z ivLv nq Ges mvavib m¤úv`K GB KwgwUi †K›`ªxq e¨vw³Z¡ wnmv‡e mwP‡ei `vwqZ¡ cvjb Ki‡eb e‡j wb‡`©kbv †`Iqv nq| Avwg ZLb †Rjv AvBbRxex mwgwZi mfvcwZ Ges m`¨ cÖqvZ Rbve ûgvqyb Kexi Rvnvbyi mvavib m¤úv`K| ZLb Avgv‡`i †Rjv RR Rbve BL‡Z`vi Avn‡g` (cieZ©x‡Z †iwRóvi, mycÖxg †KvU©)| Rbve BL‡Z`vi mv‡ne _vKv Ae¯’vq Zuvi mv‡_ KwgwU ˆZix wb‡q K‡qKevi Avjvc n‡q‡Q| 13 m`m¨ wewkó KwgwU‡Z _vK‡Qb gvbbxq `vqiv RR, †Rjv g¨vwR‡óªU, cywjk mycvi, †Rj mycvi, mgvR Kj¨vY Awdmvi, †Rjv gwnjv welqK Kg©KZ©v, †Rj wfwRUvi (miKvi KË…©K g‡bvwbZ) ,mfvcwZ †Rjv AvBbRxex mwgwZ, weÁ wRwc, weÁ wcwc, †Rjv gwnjv ms¯’vi mfv‡bÎx, GKwU Gb,wR,Ii cÖwZwbwa(hviv gvbevwaKvi wb‡q KvR K‡ib) Ges m¤úv`K †Rjv AvBbRxex mwgwZ| Avwg Gb,wR,I cÖwZwbwa wnmv‡e gwnjv cwil‡`i mfv‡bÎx‡K ivLvi Aby‡iva Kwi| G‡¶‡Î gvbbxq †Rjv RR welqwU †Rjv g¨vwR‡óª‡Ui Dci †Q‡o †`b| c‡i †`Ljvg hv‡K g‡bvbqb †`Iqv n‡q‡Q Zviv AvBbMZ mnvqZvi welqwU wb‡q KvR K‡ib bv| gvbbxq RR BL‡Z`vi mv‡ne e`jx n‡q P‡j †M‡j Av‡mb Rbve nvweeyi ingvb mv‡ne| Avgiv ZLb mKj †Pqvig¨vb‡`i  wb‡q GKwU mfv K‡i welqwU Rvbv‡bvi e¨cv‡i ¸i“r †`B| ¯’vbxq knx` Aveyj †nv‡mb wgjbZvq‡b  GKwU mfv n‡qwQj| mfvwU‡Z RbcÖwZwbwaiv Dcw¯’Z †_‡K wewfbœ cÖkœ K‡iwQ‡jb| welqwU †h‡nZz byZb ZvB mevB Rvb‡Z D`MÖxe wQ‡jb| †Kvb UvKv cqmv Qvov `wi`ª RbMb AvBbMZ mnvqZv ‡c‡Z cv‡i GUv †hb wQj Awekvl¨|

          miKvixfv‡e AvBbMZ mnvqZv †`Iqvi wm×všÍ Avmvi Av‡M wKQy wKQy Gb,wR,I GUv wb‡q KvR Ki‡ZwQj| Z‡e †mUv wQj Zv‡`i wba©vwiZ GjvKvq | mviv †`‡ki `wi`ª gvbyl GB AvBb mnvqZv †cZ bv| †hgb e­vó (Bangladesh Legal Aid and Services Trust), AvmK (Ain- O- Salish kendra), gv`vwicyi wjM¨vj GBW G‡mvwm‡qmb, gwnjv AvBbRxex mwgwZ, ‡ejv (Bangladesh Enviroment Lawyer Association), wkï AwaKvi BZ¨vw` bv‡g Gb,wR,I ¸‡jv †`‡ki wewfbœ RvqMvq KvR KiZ| mybvgM‡Äi mxgv ivbx bv‡g GK Amnvq `wi`ª †g‡qi gvgjvUv Avmvgxc¶ gnvgvb¨ nvB‡Kv‡U© †Kvqvm Kivi Rb¨ wb‡q †M‡j Avgiv AvBb I kvwjk †K‡›`ªi kibvcbœ nB| GB ms¯’vwU nvB‡Kv‡U© AvBbMZ mnvqZv w`‡Z ivRx nq| AvBb I kvwjk †K‡›`ªi c‡¶ Zv‡`i wbhy³xq AvBbRxex Rbve ZeviK †nv‡mb wjM¨vj GBW cÖ`vb K‡ib| †gvKÏgvwU‡Z nvB‡Kv‡U©i gvbbxq wePvicwZ G,†K,Gg,mv‡`K I †K,Gg,nvmvb †h ivq cÖ`vb K‡ib Zvnv Avcxj wefv‡M envj _v‡K| 46 wW,Gj,Avi cvZv 460 ‡Z nvB‡Kv‡U©i ivq Ges 14 we,Gj,wW 218 c„óvq Avcxj wefv‡Mi ivqwU wea„Z n‡q‡Q| c‡i AvBb I kvwjk †K›`ª mxgv ivbxi cy‡iv `vwqZ¡ ‡bb Ges Zv‡K mvejw¤^ Kivi Rb¨ XvKvq wb‡q hvb|

           `wi`ª RbM‡bi Rb¨ miKvixfv‡e AvBbMZ mnvqZv cvIqvi AwaKviwU ¯^xK…wZ †c‡q‡Q ¯^vaxbZvi 32 eQi ci| Zvi c‡iI ejv hvq GUv GKUv hyMvšÍKvix c`‡¶c wQj ZrKvjxb miKv‡ii| wKšÍ Avgv‡`i †`‡ki `wi` I Awkw¶Z RbMb GLbI welqwU fvjfv‡e Rv‡bb bv| †mw`b K_vq K_vq GKRb †Pqvig¨vb Avgv‡K ej‡jb `wi`ª RbM‡bi Rb¨ AvBbMZ mnvqZv cvIqvi c×wZUv wK ? ‡Pqvig¨vb mv‡n‡ei GB K_v¸‡jvi m~Î a‡iB ejwQ Avgv‡`i cÖPvi Av‡iv evov‡Z n‡e| `wi`ª  RbMb‡K AvBbMZ mnvqZv cvIqvi e¨cv‡i Av‡iv m‡PZb n‡Z n‡e| Avgv‡`i gvbbxq †Rjv RRiv gv‡S gv‡S wewfbœ Dc‡Rjvq wM‡q m‡PbZv m„wói †Póv K‡ib| MZ ZË¡veavqK miKv‡ii Avg‡j cvewjK cÖwmwKDUvi wnmv‡e ZrKvjxb †Rjv RR mv‡n‡ei mv‡_ ag©cvkv Dc‡Rjvq wM‡qwQjvg| Avwg †`Ljvg Avgv‡`i Rb cÖwZwbwa I RbMb AZ¨šÍ Drmv‡ni mv‡_ GB Abyóv‡b Dcw¯’Z nb| we‡kl K‡i Avgv‡`i wePvi wefv‡Mi wePviK‡`i cÖwZ gvby‡li AMva wek¦vm I Av¯’v †_‡K Zviv cy‡iv Abyóv‡b Dcw¯’Z †_‡K Ask MÖnY K‡ib| ZvB m‡PbZv m„wói Rb¨ wewfbœ Dc‡Rjvq wM‡q mfv Kiv LyeB cÖ‡qvRb| hZw`b Avgv‡`i ‡`‡k Mixe RbMb _vK‡e ZZw`b gvbevwaKvi I AvB‡bi AwaKvi cvIqvi Rb¨ wjM¨vj GBW cÖ‡qvRb| Avi GB Mixe RbMb hv‡Z Zv‡`i AvBbMZ AwaKvi cvIqvi welqwU cy‡ivcywi Rvb‡Z I eyS‡Z cv‡i †mRb¨ ïay wjM¨vj GBW KwgwUB bq mKj m‡PZb gvbyl‡KB KvR Ki‡Z n‡e|    

Jubilee Schooler Allokit Manush

            Rywejx ¯‹y‡ji Av‡jvwKZ gvbyl

               

      Avgv‡`i HwZ‡n¨i fvÊv‡i mePvB‡Z g~j¨evb m¤ú` ÔGKvˇii gyw³hy×Õ| we‡k¦i gvby‡li Kv‡Q evOvwji gyw³hy‡×i f~wgKv Acwimxg| we‡k¦i A‡bK †`k Jcwb‡ewkK kvmb †_‡K gyw³ †c‡q ¯^vaxbZv †c‡q‡Q| c„w_exi gvbwP‡Î byZb †`k wnmv‡e A‡b‡KB ¯’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Q| wKš‘ evsjv‡`‡ki gvbyl msMÖvg K‡i, hy× K‡i, c„w_exi gvbwP‡Î Zv‡u`i ¯’vb K‡i wb‡q‡Qb| evOvwj RvwZ GRb¨ Mwe©Z| BwZnvm NvU‡j †`Lv hvq evOvjxiv B‡Zvc~‡e© †Kv‡bvw`b hy× K‡iwb ev †hv×v RvwZ wnmv‡e Zvu‡`i †Kv‡bv cwiwPwZ wQj bv| msMÖvgx Rxeb ev msMÖvgx PwiÎ Zv‡`i g‡a¨ _vK‡jI hy× Zv‡`i †Kv‡bvw`b Ki‡Z nqwb| 1971 mv‡j GK bZzbiƒ‡c Avwe©fve N‡UwQj evsjv‡`‡ki gvby‡li| evsjvi K…lK, kªwgK, QvÎ, eyw×Rxwe, PvKzwiRxwe, mevB Jcwb‡ewkK kw³i wei“‡× i“‡L `vuwo‡qwQj| G‡`‡ki gvbyl evOvwj RvwZ mZ¡vi D‡b¥l NwU‡q GKwU ¯^vaxb mve©‡fŠg †`‡ki weKvk Kvgbv K‡iwQ‡jb| Avgv‡`i GKUv ivR‰bwZK `k©b †_‡K ïi“ n‡qwQj  msMÖvg| †`k gvZ…Kvi Rb¨ †mw`b QvÎ, wk¶K, eyw×Rxwe, K…lK, kªwgK, PvKzixRxwe, ivR‰bwZK †bZ…e„›` mevB GK KvZv‡i `vuwo‡qwQj| QvÎve¯’vq  hviv fvlv Av‡›`vjb K‡i‡Qb ZvivB †bZ…Z¡ w`‡q‡Qb gyw³hy‡×| ‡h hyeKwU Zvi mvwnZ¨ I mvs¯‹„wZ‡K i¶v Kivi Rb¨ fvlv Av‡›`vj‡b wM‡qwQj †mB ‡bZ…Z¡ w`‡q‡Q ¯^vaxbZvi hy‡×i| mviv †`‡ki m‡½ mybvgM‡Äi RbMY GB msMÖv‡g wgwjZ nb| Avgv‡`i gyw³hy‡× mybvgMÄ †Rjvi gvby‡li exiZ¡c~Y© I †MŠi‡ev¾j f~wgKv Av‡Q| Avi GB Av‡jvwKZ gvbyl‡`i A‡b‡KB mybvgMÄ Rywejx ¯‹z‡ji QvÎ wQ‡jb| GB Av‡jvwKZ mšÍvb‡`i †Kvb Z_¨ ¯‹z‡j msiw¶Z nqwb| GUv Avgv‡`i `xbZv| ¯^vaxbZvi ci Rywejx ¯‹zj †_‡K QqwU g¨MvwRb cÖKvwkZ n‡jI gyw³hy‡× AskMÖnbKvix mvnmx mšÍvb‡`i Ae`v‡bi †Kvb K_v †bB| ZvB Z‡_¨i Rb¨ Nyi‡Z n‡q‡Q wewfbœ RvqMvq| Avgvi h_vmva¨ B”Qv I †Póv _vKvi ciI hw` †Kvb exi gyw³‡hv×vi bvg ev` c‡i †m Rb¨ `ytwLZ Ges ¶gv †P‡q wbw”Q|

        1971 mv‡ji 27 gvP© gyw³hy‡×i Elvj‡Mœ mybvgM‡Ä 12 m`m¨ wewkó me©`jxq ¯^vaxb evsjv msMÖvg cwil` MwVZ nq| msMÖvg cwil‡`i m`m¨‡`i gv‡S Rvbve Avãym mvgv` AvRv` Gg.Gb.G, Rbve ‡`Iqvb Ievq`yi †iRv †PŠayix Gg.Gb.G, Rbve Avãyj nK Gg.Gb.G, Rbve AvãyR Rûi Gg.wc.G, Rbve †nv‡mb eLZ Ges Rbve AvjdvZ DwÏb Avng` †gv³vi wQ‡jb mybvgMÄ Mfb©‡g›U Rywejx nvB¯‹z‡ji cÖv³b QvÎ| Rbve Avãym mvgv` AvRv` gyw³hy‡×i mgq gš¿x cwil` wefv‡Mi ivR‰bwZK Dc‡`óv wnmv‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| gyw³hy‡×i ¯^xK…wZ Av`v‡qi Rb¨ wZwb we‡k¦i wewfbœ †`‡k cÖevmx miKv‡ii cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡ib| 1971 mv‡ji 21 †m‡Þ¤^i RvwZms‡Ni mvavib cwil‡`i Awa‡ek‡b wZwb †hvM †`b Ges cvwK¯Ívb evwnbxi AZ¨vPvi wbh©vZb mn evsjv‡`‡ki gvby‡li gyw³i jovB‡q mk¯¿ AskMÖn‡bi K_v wek¦evmx‡K Rvbvb| †ev`v‡c‡ó kvwšÍ m‡¤§j‡b Rbve mvgv`‡K eY© ˆelg¨ KwgwUi †Pqvig¨vb wbe©vwPZ Kiv nq| ¯^vaxbZvi ci Rbve mvgv` AvRv` ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki cÖ_g ciivóª gš¿x wnmv‡e `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| GUv Rywejx ¯‹z‡ji M‡e©i welq| Rbve Avãyj nK gyw³hy‡× 5 bs †m±‡ii ivR‰bwZK Dc‡`óv wQ‡jb| cy‡iv hy‡×i mgq wZwb gyw³‡hv×v‡`i cv‡k wQ‡jb| ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq msm‡` gyw³hy‡×i cÖavb †mbvcwZ †Rbv‡ij Imgvwb Zvui fvl‡b gyw³hy‡× Rbve Avãyj n‡Ki Ae`v‡bi K_v D‡j­L K‡ib| ¯^vaxb †`k‡K fvjfv‡e wZwb †`‡L †h‡Z cv‡ibwb|  1971 mv‡ji 19 wW‡m¤^i GK gg©vwšÍK moK `~N©Ubvq  kvnv`Z eib K‡ib| Rbve †`Iqvb Ievq`yi †iRv †PŠayix wQ‡jb ZrKvjxb mybvgMÄ gnKzgvi gyw³hy‡×i cÖvY cyi“l| Zvi †bZ…‡Z¡B cÖ_g cÖwZ‡iva hy× ïi“ nq| wb‡Ri AMva m¤ú`, ab ‰`jZ †d‡j RbZvi `vex Av`v‡qi msMÖv‡g wb‡R‡K AvZ¥wb‡qvM K‡ib| kiYv_©x wkwe‡i mvavib gvby‡li mv‡_ †_‡K Avgv‡`i gyw³hyׇK GwM‡q wb‡q hvb| Rbve AvãyR Rûi Zvwnicyi, RvgvjMÄ GjvKvq gyw³‡mbv‡`i `yM© M‡o Zz‡jb| GKUv mv`vgvUv Rxeb wQj Rbv&e AvãyR Rû‡ii| †U‡KiNvU mve‡m±i ˆZix‡Z Zvui cwikªg GLbI gvbyl ¯§iY K‡i| Rbve †nv‡mb eLZ wQ‡jb GKRb wmsn cyi“l gvbyl, whwb iYv½‡b gyw³‡hv×v‡`i mv‡_ Kvu‡a Kvua wgwj‡q KvR K‡i‡Qb| Qvqvi gZ gyw³‡hv×v‡`i cv‡k †_‡K‡Qb| AZ¨šÍ mnR, mij wbivfib gvbyl wQ‡jb wZwb, jyw½ c‡i Nyi‡Zb meRvqMvq| Amxg mvnmx GB gvbylwUi g~j kw³ wQj Zvui mvsMVwbK kw³| Rbve AvjdvZ DwÏb Avng` mybvgMÄ kn‡i †gv³vi mv‡ne bv‡g mgwaK cwiwPZ wQ‡jb| Zvi gZ GKRb mr, wb‡j©vf, c‡ivcKvix e¨vw³Z¡ eZ©gv‡b cvIqv LyeB weij| ¯^vaxbZvi Av‡M wZwb fvlvbx b¨v‡ci mv‡_ mshy³ wQ‡jb| `jxq wm×v‡šÍi e¨cv‡i A‡c¶v bv K‡i wZwb gyw³hy‡× Svwc‡q c‡ib|gyw³hy‡×i Elvj‡Mœ ¯’vbxq cÖkvmb mn hveZxq Kg©KvÛ wQj msMÖvg cwil‡`i Dci b¨v¯Í| wbivcËvi Kvi‡Y msMÖvg cwil‡`i AvnevqK Rbve †`Iqvb Ievq`yi †iRv †PŠayix AvZ¥‡Mvc‡b _vKvq gyw³msMÖvg cwil‡`i gyL¨ e¨vw³Z¡ wnmv‡e AvjdvZ DwÏb Avng` cÖksmbxq `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib| ZvQvov gyw³hy× msMV‡b GB ¯‹z‡ji cÖv³b QvÎ Rbve Avãyj nvB (AviwcbbMi, †cŠimfv), Rbve Avãyj evix (nvmbbMi, †cŠimfv) Rbve AvQÏi Avjx †PŠayix †gv³vi (RvgvBcvov, †cŠimfv) Rbve Avãyi iwng A¨vW‡fv‡KU (AviwcbMi, †cŠimfv), Wvt nvwiQ Avjx (QvZK), bwRi †nv‡mb (kvncyi, wek¦¤^icyi) I Rbve my‡ik `vm A¨vW‡fv‡KU (kvj­v) mybvgMÄ †Rjvi wewfbœ GjvKvq gyw³hy× msMV‡b Abb¨ fywgKv iv‡Lb| Giv mevB AmvgcÖ`vwqK g‡bvfvevcbœ weij e¨vw³‡Z¡i AwaKvix| G‡`i †Kvb wgwjUvix †Uªwbs wQjbv| Zv‡`i wQj ivR‰bwZK Av`k© Avi wek¦vm| †mB wek¦vm‡K cywR K‡i GKmgq wb‡Ri I cwiev‡ii Rxe‡bi SzwK wb‡q gyw³hy× msMV‡b Zviv AvZ¥wb‡qvM K‡ib| gyw³hy‡× †hvM`v‡bi Kvi‡Y cvwK¯Ívwb evwnbx Ges Zv‡`i †`vmi‡`i cÖZ¨¶ g`‡` I mn‡hvMxZvq G‡`i A‡b‡Ki evox Ni cywo‡q , †f‡½ QviLvi K‡i †`Iqv nq|

        hviv Rxeb w`‡q †`k ¯^vaxb K‡i‡Qb Zv‡`i g‡a¨ GKRb GB ¯‹z‡ji cÖv³b QvÎ knx` nvi“byi iwk` †PŠayix| w`ivB _vbvi KzjÄ MÖv‡g evox| Rywejx ¯^y‡ji gymwjg QvÎvev‡m _vKZ| ¯‹z‡j _vKve¯’vq Zvi mvn‡mi cwiPq cvIqv hvq| gymwjg QvÎvev‡mi mvg‡bi cyKz‡i Wye w`‡q †m gvQ a‡i wb‡q AvmZ| Rywejx ¯‹z‡j K¬vm †U‡bi QvÎ _vKve¯’vqB  wcZvgvZv‡K bv Rvwb‡q †`k gvZ…Kv‡K cvwK¯Ívwb nv‡qbv‡`i Kej †_‡K gy³ Kivi cÖZ¨‡q †UªwbsG P‡j hvq| †Uªwbs †k‡l †hvM`vb K‡i evjvU mve‡m±‡i| evjvU mve‡m±‡ii KgvÛvi †gRi Gg.G,gyËvwje Zvi Ôgyw³hy‡× DËi-c~e© iYv½bÕ MÖ‡š’ nvi“byi iwk` †PŠayix‡K Zvi KgvÛvi wnmv‡e D‡j­L K‡i‡Qb| gyw³hy‡×i GK mvnmx ˆmwbK nvi“byi iwk` †PŠayix 24 b‡f¤^i 1971 mv‡j `w¶b mybvgMÄ _vbvi RqKjm GjvKvq cvK‡mbv‡`i mv‡_ m¤§yL mg‡i knx` nb|

        ‡gRi †Rbv‡ij (Aet) gqbyj †nv‡mb †PŠayix exiweµg I weª‡MwWqvi (Aet) Avãyj gwZb exi cÖwZK `yR‡bB GB ¯‹z‡ji cÖv³b QvÎ| Rbve gqbyj †nv‡mb †PŠayix wQ‡jb wØZxq Bó †e½‡ji AwabvqK Ges Rbve Avãyj gwZb Gm †dv‡m©i Aax‡b GKwU †Kv¤úvbxi AwabvqK| gyw³hy‡× exiZ¡c~Y© Ae`v‡bi Rb¨ Zv‡`i‡K ivóªxq †LZve †`Iqv nq| gqbyj †nv‡mb †PŠayixi wcZv mybvgM‡Ä wk¶v Kg©KZ©v wQ‡jb Ges ‡gŠjfxevRvi †Rjvi Awaevmx Rbve Avãyj gwZb Zvi PvPvi evmvq  †_‡K Rywejx ¯‹z‡j covïbv K‡i‡Qb| Zv‡`i `yR‡biB gyw³hy‡× AskMÖnY Ges ivóªxq †LZve jvf ¯‹zjwU‡K Mwe©Z K‡i‡Q|

        gyw³hy‡× GB ¯‹z‡ji cÖv³b QvÎivB gy³ GjvKvq †gwW‡Kj †bUIqvK© M‡o Zz‡jb| Wv: nvwiQ DwÏb (†lvjNi, †cŠimfv), weª‡MwWqvi (Aet) Wvt bRi“j nK (eo`j, Zvwnicyi) Ges Wvt Rvjvj Avng` (nvmbbMi, †cŠimfv) †U‡KiNv‡U Zv‡`i cwikªg w`‡q M‡o Zz‡jb GK Abe`¨ nvmcvZvj| †mLv‡b Zviv gyw³‡hvׇ`i wPwKrmvi cvkvcvwk AMwbZ kiYv_©x‡`i wPwKrmv Pvwj‡q †M‡Qb| ZvQvov evjvU  GjvKvq ‡jt K‡Y©j (Aet) Wvt †gvKvweŸi Avjx (†lvjNi, †cŠimfv) Zvui kªg I †gav w`‡q evjvU mve‡m±‡ii nvmcvZvjwU cwiPvjbv K‡iwQ‡jb|

        gyw³hy‡× Rywejx ¯‹z‡ji cÖv³b QvÎiv mybvgMÄ †Rjvi wewfbœ mve‡m±‡i exi‡Z¡i mv‡_ hy× K‡ib| ‡`‡ki Rb¨ GB †mvbvi †Q‡j‡`i AvZ¥Z¨vM RvwZ wPiw`b ¯§ib Ki‡e| ¯‹z‡ji cÖv³b Qv·`i g‡a¨ hviv cÖZ¨¶fv‡e hy× K‡i‡Qb|

†U‡KiNvU mve‡m±‡i t 1. g‡bvqvi eLZ †bK (cÖqvZ) (AviwcbbMi, †cŠimfv) 2. A¨vW‡fv‡UU †Mvjvg †gv¯Ídv (‡gvj­vcvov, Zvwnicyi) 3. kwdKzj nK †PŠayix ev”Pz (cÖqvZ) (†eZvDKv, RMbœv_cyi) 4. mvweŸi Avng` (cÖqvZ) (nvRxcvov, †cŠimfv) 5. gywReyi ingvb nvmby (AviwcbbMi, †cŠimfv) 6.  gZ…Rv Avjx (cÖqvZ ) (AvwQbcyi, mybvgMÄ m`i) 7. KvRx IqvwmgDwÏb †mwjg (cÖqvZ) (†lvjNi, †cŠimfv)

evjvU mve‡m±‡i t 1. †Mvjvg ieŸvbx (cÖqvZ) (cyivZb evm‡óÛ, ‡cŠimfv), 2.  kvgQyj nK (cÖqvZ) (A¶qbMi, mybvgMÄ m`i), 3. AvQÏi Avjx (cÖqvZ)(Beªvwngcyi, mybvgMÄ m`i), 4. Gev`yi ingvb (cÖqvZ) (Beªvwngcyi, mybvgMÄ m`i), 5. QvwjK Avng` (†lvjNi, †cŠimfv), 6. wjqvKZ Avjx (nvmbbMi, †cŠimfv) 7. mybxj f~lb ewbK (cÖqvZ) (ga¨evRvi, †cŠimfv), 8. gv‡jK û‡mb cxi (cwðg †ZNwiqv, †cŠimfv) 9. myRvZ wgqv (†lvjNi, †cŠimfv) 10. kvwnbyi iwk` †PŠayix (AviwcbbMi, †cŠimfv) 11. BKevj †nv‡mb (AviwcbbMi, †cŠimfv) 12. mRjKzgvi `vm Zvj~K`vi (nvmvDov, mybvgMÄ m`i), 13. wbZvB Kg©Kvi (cÖqvZ) (Kvjxevwo, †cŠimfv), wR‡Zbjvj ivq (cwðg evRvi, †cŠimfv) 14. ibaxi ivq (Avgevwo, †`vqvivevRvi)

‡mjv mve‡m±‡i t 1. knx` †PŠayix (cÖqvZ) (nwiYvcvwU©, mybvgMÄ m`i)   2.  mvweŸi Avng` wgby (cÖqvZ) (nvmbbMi, †cŠimfv), 3. ‡`Iqvb †gvmv‡ÏK †iRv †PŠayix (cÖqvZ) (nvmbbMi, mybvgMÄ) 4. mykvšÍiÄb f`ª mvab ( DwKjcvov, †cŠimfv). 5. A¨vW‡fv‡KU eRjyj gwR` †PŠayix Lmi“ (†lvjNi, †cŠimfv),          6. gwZDi ingvb (†RBj †ivW, ‡cŠimfv) 7. Avey mywdqvb (nvmbbMi, †cŠimfv)   8. wnib¥q Ki (†lvjNi, †cŠimfv) 9. Avãyj AvRxR †PŠayix gymby` (AviwcbbMi, †cŠimfv) 10. †R¨vwZg©q w·ew` (byZbcvov, †cŠimfv), 11. mybxj ïKjv (Beªvwngcyi, mybvgMÄ m`i) 12. ‰mq` AvZvDi ingvb (‰mq`cyi, RMbœv_cyi) 13. Wvt Avãyj nvwKg (†lvjNi, †cŠimfv)

‡fvjvMÄ mve‡m±‡i t 1. Av.Z.g mv‡jn (nvmbbMi, †cŠimfv) 2. iw_k iÄb †PŠayix ev`j (byZbcvov, †cŠimfv) 3. g`b†gvnb `vm (cyivb j¶Ykªx)

GB ¯‹z‡ji cÖv³b QvÎ gywReyi ingvb gywRe (mv‡eK wc.wc) †gŠjfxevRvi †Rjvq gyw³hy‡× mwµqfv‡e AskMªnb K‡ib| ZvQvov BDmyd-Avj-AvRv` (RvgvjMÄ) Ges mvB`yi ingvb (&Beªvwngcyi, mybvgMÄ) gywRe evwnbxi (we.Gj.Gd) Gi m`m¨ wnmv‡e gyw³hy‡× mwµq AskMÖnb K‡ib|

c„w_exi A‡bK †`‡k gyw³hy× n‡q‡Q Avevi mKj RvwZ gyw³hy× Kivi †MŠieI cvqbv| nvRvi eQ‡i nq‡Zvev gyw³hy× cvIqvi †Kvb my‡hvM Av‡mbv| fviZ e‡l©i ¯^vaxbZv G‡m‡Q Awnsm Av‡›`vj‡bi gva¨‡g| Avgiv AvµvšÍ n‡q GKUv Jcwb‡ewkK †kvmK †Mvóxi wei“‡× i“‡L `vuwo‡qwQjvg| Avgv‡`i hy×Uv bq gvm bv n‡q bq eQi n‡j evsMvjx RvwZ kΓ wgÎ fvjfv‡e wPb‡Z cviZ| mg‡qi cwieZ©‡b A‡bK wKQy e`‡j hvq wKš‘ BwZnvm e`j Kiv hvqbv| ZvB Avwg Abyi“a Kie Rywejx ¯‹zj KË…©c¶‡K BwZnv‡mi cÖ‡qvR‡b ¯‹z‡ji Av‡jvwKZ mšÍvb‡`i Ae`v‡bi K_v Avcbviv msi¶b Ki“b| ¯‹z‡j GKUv wej‡evW© evwb‡q gyw³hy‡×i exi †mbv‡`i bvg , cwiwPwZ Uvw½‡q w`b, Zv‡Z ¯‹zj KË…©c¶B †MŠievwš^Z n‡eb| 

             

Jononeta Alfatuddin Ahmed

Rb‡bZv AvjdvZ DwÏb Avng`

71 mv‡ji GwcÖj gvm| mybvgMÄ gnKzgv ZLb cvwK¯—vb nvbv`vi evwnbx †_‡K gy³ GjvKv| †`Iqvb Ievq`yi †iRv †PŠayix Gg.Gb.G'†K AvnŸvqK, Avãym mvgv` AvRv` Gg,Gb,G Avãyj nK Gg,Gb,G myiwÄb †mb Gg,wc,G AvãyR Rûi Gg,wc,G Avãyi iBQ Gg,wc,G Avãyj †nwKg †PŠayix Gg,wc,G mvgmy wgqv †PŠayix Gg,wc,G Rbve û‡mb e³, Rbve AvjdvZ DwÏb Avng`, Rbve Avjx BDbym I Rbve Avãyj KzÏym‡K wb‡q MwVZ n‡q‡Q ¯^vaxb evsjv msMÖvg cwil` mybvgMÄ gnKzgv kvLv| cyivZb †cŠimfv Kvh©vj‡qi mg¯— febUvB gyw³hy‡×i Elvj‡Mœi †K›`ªf~wg‡Z cwiYZ n‡q‡Q| Avwg ZLb mybvgMÄ gnvwe`¨vj‡qi QvÎ| Avgvi Abyf~wZ‡Z gyw³hy‡×i cÖ¯‘wZ bv _vK‡jI wgwQj, wgwUs‡q †hvM`vb Kivi evmbvq cÖwZw`b †hZvg †cŠimfv Kvh©¨vj‡q| Avi †mLv‡bB †`LZvg GKRb †jvK mKvj †_‡K ivZ Aewa e‡m Av‡Qb †cŠimfvi Kvh©¨vj‡q| wewfbœ RvqMvq †hvMv‡hvM K‡i‡Qb| wb‡`©k w`‡”Qb| weivgnxbfv‡e KvR K‡i hvIqv G †jvKUvi mv‡_ cwiwPZ nIqvi Rb¨ Avwg wQjvg D`MÖxe| Rvb‡Z cvijvg Bwb n‡”Qb Ô†gv³vi mv‡neÕ| †mw`b Gi PvB‡Z †ekx cwiPq Avwg Kv‡iv KvQ †_‡K cvBwb| ZLb ¯^vaxb evsjv msMÖvg cwil‡`i AvnŸvqK Rbve †`Iqvb Ievq`yi †iRv †PŠayix wbivcËvRwbZ Kvi‡Y MÖv‡g Ae¯’vb Ki‡Qb| Ab¨vb¨ †bZviv Zv‡`i wbR wbR GjvKvq| mybvgMÄ gnKzgv m`‡i hviv †bZ…‡Z¡ Av‡Qb Zv‡`i g‡a¨ †gv³vi mv‡neB me mgq e¨¯—|

mybvgMÄ gnKzgvi wmwfj cÖkvmb, cywjk cÖkvmb, AvBb k„•Ljv i¶v mn hveZxq `vwqZ¡ ¯^vaxb evsjv msMÖvg cwil‡`i nv‡Z| K…wl Awdm, Lv`¨ Awdm, grm¨ Awdm mn mewKQz wbqš¿K ¯^vaxb evsjv msMÖvg cwil`| Avi †mB ÔG‡Ki wfZ‡i `‡kiÕ PvwjKv kw³‡K wbqš¿Y Kivi Rb¨ ¯^vaxb evsjv msMÖvg cwil‡`i m`m¨ †gv³vi mv‡ne mZZv I wbqgvbyewZ©Zvi mv‡_ mvivw`b `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡i‡Qb| AvjdvZ DwÏb Avng` bvgUv‡K Avov‡j †i‡L whwb Ô†gv³vi mv‡neÕ bv‡g cwiwPZ †c‡qwQ‡jb, †mB ¶z`ªvK…wZi wekvj gvbylwUi `„wó Kvo‡Z Avwg m¶g n‡qwQjvg 1971 mv‡j| Avgv‡K nv‡Zi Bkvivq WvK‡jb, ej‡jb ïay wgwUs, wgwQj Ki‡j †Zv Pj‡ebv GLwb `vwqZ¡ †bIqvi mgq| `vwqZ¡ wb‡q KvR Ki‡Z n‡e| mybvgMÄ †Uwj‡dvb G·‡P‡Äi Kg©Pvixiv cvwj‡q †M‡Q| myZivs †Zvgv‡`i gZ Qv·`i G·‡PÄ mPj ivLvi Rb¨ †mLv‡b †h‡Z n‡e| †Zvgvi mv‡_ Av‡iv 4/5 Rb hv‡e| Zv‡`i mv‡_ wg‡j wg‡k cvjvµ‡g KvR K‡i G·‡PÄ mPj ivL‡Z n‡e| †mw`b wbR‡K Mwe©Z †f‡ewQjvg ¯^vaxb evsjv msMÖvg cwil‡`i PjwZ `vwq‡Z¡ _vKv AvnŸvq‡Ki mivmwi wb‡`©k †c‡q| Avi †mB Avb›` D‡ËRbvq wKfv‡e †h †cŠimfv PËi †_‡K †Uwj‡dvb G·‡P‡Ä wM‡qwQ Zv Avi †Lqvj Ki‡Z cvwiwb|

†Uwj‡dvb G·‡PÄwU mybvgMÄ nKvm© gv‡K©‡Ui cv‡k GKwU †QvU N‡i wQj| gvÜvZv Avg‡ji †Uwj‡dvb e¨e¯’v| eZ©gvb cÖR‡b¥i A‡b‡Ki Kv‡Q mßg Avð‡h©i GK Avð‡h©i gZ g‡b nZ| mivmwi †Kvb Wv‡qj wm‡÷g wQjbv| †Uwj‡dvb wiwmfvi Zz‡j GKUv n¨v‡Û‡ji gZ Nyiv‡Z nZ| Avi †mUv †e‡R DVZ †Uwj‡dvb G·‡P‡Ä| G·‡P‡Äi `vwq‡Z¡ _vKv Acv‡iUi wRÁvmv KiZ †Kvb bv¤^v‡i jvMv‡Z n‡e| Avi †mB KvswLZ bv¤^v‡i jvMv‡bvi Rb¨B Acv‡iUiiv KvR Ki‡Zb| 1971 mv‡ji gvP© gv‡m Amn‡hvM Av‡›`vjb ïi“ nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_B †Uwj‡dvb Acv‡iUiiv hvi hvi evox‡Z P‡j hvIqvi APj †Uwj‡dvb e¨e¯’v‡K mPj Kivi `vwqZ¡ †bq msMÖvg cwil`| Avgvi hvIqvi Av‡M †mLv‡b KvR Ki‡Q mybvgMÄ K‡j‡Ri QvÎ (cieZx©‡Z gyw³‡hv×v) bIkv` wgqv| Zvi KvQ †_‡K mg¯— wKQz ey‡S Zv‡K LvIqvi QzwU w`‡q `vwqZ¡Uv Avwg †bB| †gv³vi mv‡n‡ei Av‡`kwU cÖwZcvjb Ki‡Z †c‡i wbR‡K ab¨ g‡b KiwQjvg|

†gv³vi mv‡ne K_v ej‡Zb A‡MvQv‡jvfv‡e| wKš‘ me K_vi g‡a¨ `„pZv wQj| hv ej‡Zb †mvRvmywRfv‡e ej‡Zb| Zvi g‡a¨ ivLXvK wKQz ivL‡Zb bv| ivRbxwZi gvic¨v‡P †Kvb K_v ej‡Zb bv| †hUv wZwb wek¦vm Ki‡Zb †mUv †_‡K Zv‡K †KD GK cvI bov‡Z cviZ bv| ¯^vaxbZvi ci Rbve Kgj fÆ mybvgM‡Äi gnKzgv cÖkvm‡Ki `vwq‡Z¡ wQ‡jb| gyw³hy‡× AskMÖnY Kivi Rb¨ A‡b‡Ki mv‡_ AvjdvZ mv‡n‡ei evoxwUI cvK‡mbviv †f‡½ Pzigvi K‡i †`q| †`k ¯^vaxb nIqvi ci cwievi I †QvU †QvU ev”Pv‡`i wb‡q wZwb D‡Vb cyivZb evm ÷¨v‡Û Aew¯’Z eZ©gvb Z_¨ Awdm| GLv‡b `y‡Uv evoxi GKwU‡Z D‡Vb AvIqvgx jxM †bZv Rbve û‡mb e‡³i cwievi Avi AciwU‡Z D‡Vb Rbve AvjdvZ mv‡ne Zvi cwievi wb‡q| hv‡`i Nievox aŸsm n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i‡K miKvi AvcZKvjxb wKQz mvnvh¨ w`‡”Q| GiKg GKwU mvnv‡h¨i wPwV mybvgMÄ gnKzgv cÖkvmK Kvh©vj‡qi RvixKviK dYxevey wb‡q hvb †gv³vi mv‡n‡ei Kv‡Q| †gv³vi mv‡ne wPwVwU Ly‡j †`‡Lb Zv‡K K‡qb evb wUb eivÏ †`qv n‡q‡Q gnKzgv cÖkvm‡bi c¶ †_‡K| BwZg‡a¨ dYxevey wPwV w`‡q P‡j †M‡Qb| wKš‘ †gv³vi mv‡ne †Zv wPwV c‡o Zvi gv_vq i³ D‡V‡Q| fxlY †¶‡c †M‡Qb wZwb| †K Zv‡K G wPwV w`‡q‡Q| †Kb Zv‡K wUb mvnvh¨ eivÏ Kiv n‡q‡Q| wZwb Zv‡K †`L‡Z Pvb| mviv‡`‡ki gvby‡li †hLv‡b Avkªq †bB †mLv‡b Zvi bv‡g wUb eivÏ nq †Kb? dYxevey †Zv co‡jb gnv wec‡`| KviY wZwb hw` Avevi Zvi DaŸ©Zb Kg©KZ©vi Kv‡Q †gv³vi mv‡ne‡K wb‡q hvb Avi wZwb hw` †Kvb wKQz K‡i e‡mb Z‡e Zvi PvKzixUv †Lvqv‡Z n‡e| AMZ¨v wZwbB cv‡q a‡i gvd †P‡q wPwVUv †diZ wb‡q ej‡jb Avwg †h‡q GUv †diZ w`‡q †`e Ges fwel¨‡Z GiKg Avi †Kvbw`b n‡ebv| Zv‡Z †gv³vi mv‡n‡ei ivM wKQzUv Kgj (K_v¸‡jv dYxeveyi KvQ †_‡K †kvbv)|

ivRbxwZi gvic¨vP Zvi Rvbv wQjbv| Avi †mRb¨B wekvj RbwcÖqZv _vKvi ciI †fv‡U `uvwo‡q wZwb mdjKvg n‡Z cv‡ibwb| GKevi †cŠimfvi †Pqvig¨vb wbe©vP‡b cÖwZØw›ØZv K‡i mybvgMÄ kn‡i mK‡j †K›`ª wZwb wRZ‡jI ïaygvÎ GKUv †K›`ª Zvi wei“×c¶ mKj †fvU wb‡q †fv‡U Zuv‡K civwRZ K‡i w`‡qwQj| H †K‡›`ª wZwb †Kvb mveavbZv Aej¤^b Kiv, †fvU cvIqv ev †K›`ª `Lj †_‡K wbe„Ë Kivi Rb¨, †Kvb mZK©ZvB Aej¤^b K‡ibwb| wZwb g‡b Ki‡Zb †jvKRb Zv‡K †fvU w`‡Z PvB‡j †`‡e bv nq bvB †`‡e| wKš‘ Avgv‡`i †`‡ki mvwe©K cwiw¯’wZ‡K g~j¨vqb bv K‡i wZwb Zvi gZ mr `„wó‡Z me wKQzB †`L‡Zb|

AvjdvZ DwÏb mv‡n‡ei g~j kw³ wQj Zvi mZZv| ¯^vaxbZvi ci XvKvq hLb bvMwiK bvU¨‡Mvôx Ômr gvby‡li †Luv‡RÕ bvUK K‡i mr gvbyl †Luv‡R †eov‡”Qb ZLb mr e¨w³Z¡ AvjdvZ DwÏb mv‡ne mybvgMÄ gnKzgvi cvÊvi Lvj euva KvR wb‡q e¨¯—| `xN© 8 gvm cwievi cwiRb, †KvU© KvPvoxi mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM wew”Qbœ n‡q †`Lvi nvI‡oi nvRvi nvRvi GKi dmj i¶vi cÖ‡qvR‡b e„nr euva wbg©v‡Y †Kvb Mg Ace¨envi n‡q‡Q ev †Kvb Mg †KD AvZ¥mvr n‡q‡Q Zv Av‡Rv †KD e‡jb bv| †gv³vi mv‡ne wQ‡jb G euva wbg©v‡Yi GKRb wb‡ew`Z e¨w³| Kvi‡Y AKvi‡Y G euva ˆZixi wei“‡× †Kvb K_v ej‡j wZwb †¶‡c †h‡Zb| cvÊvi Lvj euva wbg©v‡Yi Av‡iK ¯’cwZ ZrKvjxb msm` Rbve Aveyj nvmbvZ mv‡n‡ei KvQ †_‡K GKevi GKUv NUbv ï‡bwQjvg| ZLb cvÊvi Lvj euva wbg©v‡Yi Mi‡g wnmve-wbKvk Kiv I gv÷vi †ivj ˆZix Kivi Rb¨ GK e¨w³‡K wb‡qvM †`Iqv n‡q‡Q| wKš‘ †gv³vi mv‡ne Zvi Dci gnv ¶¨vcv| KviY G †jvKwU bvwK Iqvc`vi fvlvq K_v e‡j| Iqvc`v G euvawU Kivi Rb¨ miKvwifv‡e `vwqZ¡cÖvß wQj| gv‡S gv‡S Iqvc`vi Kg©KZ©viv Avm‡Zb Ges ej‡Zb GLv‡b cvBwjs jvM‡e bv nq euva wUKv‡bv hv‡ebv| Iqvc`vi Kg©KZ©v‡`i G K_v¸‡jv wZwb †Kvbfv‡eB MÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡Zb bv| Zuvi Kv‡Q g‡b nZ GB eywS Iqvc`v GLv‡b euva bv Kivi Rb¨ wj‡L w`‡Z cv‡i| Zv‡Z euv‡ai KvR eÜ n‡q hv‡e| wVK GKBfv‡e †KivbxeveyI bvwK K_vq K_vq cvBwjs, UvBwjs G mg¯— kã e¨envi Ki‡Zb Zv‡Z wZwb G †jvKUvi cÖwZ Lye ¶zä wQ‡jb| wZwb g‡b Ki‡Zb G †jvKUv Iqvc`vi G‡R›U| myZivs Zv‡K †Kvb fv‡eB ivLv hv‡e bv|

mnR mij †ekfylvi Avov‡j GK AmvaviY e¨w³ wQ‡jb Ô†gv³vi mv‡neÕ| Zv‡K cwigvc Kiv AZ¨š— `yiƒn, AZ¨š— KwVb| mybvgMÄ kni †_‡K cÖvq 20 gvBj `~ieZx© gy³vLvB MÖvg †_‡K mybvgMÄ kn‡i G‡m wZwb gyKzUnxb mgªv‡Ui gZ emevm K‡i‡Qb| 1/10/1930 mv‡j Zuvi Rb¥| 1948 mv‡j g¨vwUªK cvk K‡i †gv³vix cix¶v w`‡q †gv³vi n‡jI †ckv‡Z wZwb †Kvbw`b g‡bvwb‡ek Ki‡Z cv‡ibwb| Av‡›`vjb, msMÖvgB wQj Zuvi Rxeb| 1958 mv‡j AvBq~e Lv‡bi mvgwiK kvm‡bi cÖ_g w`‡KB wZwb †MÖdZvi nb| kvixwiKfv‡e wbh©vZbI Kiv n‡qwQj Zuv‡K| GKBfv‡e 1969 mv‡ji MY Av‡›`vj‡bi mg‡qI wZwb †MÖdZvi nb| ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki KvivMviI Zuv‡K †Q‡o †`qwb| e½eÜzi g„Zz¨i ci 1976 mv‡j mvgwiK kvmb Rvix n‡j Avevi Zuv‡K †MÖdZvi Kiv nq| `xN©w`b Kviv‡fvM K‡i gyw³jvf Ki‡jI 1986 m‡b fvmvb R‡ji Av‡›`vj‡b Avevi Zuv‡K †MÖdZvi Kiv nq| ZrKvjxb Zvwnicyi Dc‡Rjv Av`vjZ GK cÖnmbg~jK wePv‡i †gv³vi mv‡n‡ei Abycw¯’wZ‡Z Zuv‡K 6 gv‡mi Kviv`Û †`q| H kvwš—i wei“‡× `v‡qiK…Z Avcxj Zuvi g„Zz¨i AvM ch©š— gvbbxq AwZwi³ `vqiv RR Av`vj‡Z wePvivaxb wQj|

(†gv³vi mv‡ne Gi KvQ †_‡K †kvbv) GKmgq RvqMx‡i †_‡K wZwb gmwR‡` gyqvw¾‡bi KvR K‡i ¯‹zj Rxeb ïi“ K‡ib| wKš‘ MÖv‡gi gvby‡li A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK Kó Zuv‡K Lye cxov w`Z| gymwjg QvÎ †dWv‡ik‡bi GKRb Kgx© wnmv‡e wZwb ivRbxwZ ïi“ K‡ib| wU‡bi †Pv½v dz‡K, cv‡q †nu‡U wewfbœ RvqMvq Ny‡i cvwK¯—vb Av‡›`vjb Ges cieZx©‡Z wm‡jU MY‡fvU Av‡›`vjb, 1952 Gi fvlv Av‡›`vj‡b wZwb mwµq AskMÖnY K‡ib| 1954 Gi wbe©vP‡b nK-fvlvbx-†mvnivIqv`x©i †bZ…‡Z¡ hy³d«‡›Ui c¶ wZwb b¨v‡ci mybvgMÄ gnKzgv kvLvi mvaviY m¤úv`K wbe©vwPZ nb| 1965 mv‡j b¨vc wØavwef³ n‡j wZwb gvIjvbv fvmvbxi †bZ…‡Z¡i cÖwZ AwePj †_‡K b¨vc (fvmvbx) Gi gnKzgv m¤úv`K Ges c‡i mfvcwZ nb| 1980 mv‡j wZwb AvIqvgx jx‡M †hvM`vb K‡ib Ges c~e© ch©š— AvIqvgx jxM mybvgMÄ †Rjv kvLvi mvaviY m¤úv`‡Ki `vwqZ¡ cvjb K‡ib|

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